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Knowing, Applying, and Reasoning about Arithmetic: Roles of Domain-General and Numerical Skills in Multiple Domains of Arithmetic Learning
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Zhang, Xiao; Räsänen, Pekka; Koponen, Tuire; Aunola, Kaisa; Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina; Nurmi, Jari-Erik – Developmental Psychology, 2017
The longitudinal relations of domain-general and numerical skills at ages 6-7 years to 3 cognitive domains of arithmetic learning, namely knowing (written computation), applying (arithmetic word problems), and reasoning (arithmetic reasoning) at age 11, were examined for a representative sample of 378 Finnish children. The results showed that…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematical Logic, Short Term Memory
IQ at Age 12 Following a History of Institutional Care: Findings from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project
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Almas, Alisa N.; Degnan, Kathryn A.; Nelson, Charles A.; Zeanah, Charles H.; Fox, Nathan A. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Young children removed from institutions and placed into foster care or adoptive homes have been shown to experience significant gains in IQ relative to children who remain in institutions. Less is known about the long-term impact of severe early deprivation on development in late childhood. Data are presented from a follow-up of children at 12…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Intelligence Quotient, Preadolescents, Foster Care
How Do (Some) People Make a Cognitive Map? Routes, Places, and Working Memory
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Weisberg, Steven M.; Newcombe, Nora S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Research on the existence of cognitive maps and on the cognitive processes that support effective navigation has often focused on functioning across individuals. However, there are pronounced individual differences in navigation proficiency, which need to be explained and which can illuminate our understanding of cognitive maps and effective…
Descriptors: Cognitive Mapping, Cognitive Processes, Short Term Memory, Individual Differences
How Socioeconomic Status, Executive Functioning and Verbal Interactions Contribute to Early Academic Achievement in Chinese Children
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Chung, Kevin K. H.; Liu, Hongyun; McBride, Catherine; Wong, Anita M. -Y.; Lo, Jason C. M. – Educational Psychology, 2017
The present study investigated the relative importance of executive functioning, parent-child verbal interactions, phonological awareness and visual skills on reading and mathematics for Chinese children from low-versus middle-socio economic status (SES) backgrounds. A total of 199 kindergarten children were assessed on executive functioning,…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Academic Achievement, Executive Function, Path Analysis
Relationships between Vocabulary Size, Working Memory, and Phonological Awareness in Spanish-Speaking English Language Learners
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Gorman, Brenda K. – American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2012
Purpose: The goals of this study were to evaluate the impact of short-term phonological awareness (PA) instruction presented in children's first language (L1; Spanish) on gains in their L1 and second language (L2; English) and to determine whether relationships exist between vocabulary size, verbal working memory, and PA in Spanish-speaking…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Phonological Awareness, Second Language Learning, Short Term Memory