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Showing 1 to 15 of 20 results Save | Export
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Meka N. McCammon; Katie Wolfe; Aaron R. Check – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2024
Deficits in communicating one's wants and needs can have significant and detrimental effects on quality of life. Particularly for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other related disabilities, manding is a pivotal skill that influences long-term prognosis. Mand training is complex and relies on several components to facilitate…
Descriptors: Verbal Operant Conditioning, Training, Intervention, Environmental Influences
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Tapp, Melissa C.; Pennington, Robert C.; Clausen, Amy M.; Carpenter, Megan E. – Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 2021
In the current investigation, we reviewed the literature on mand training for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in schools. Ninety-three studies met our inclusion criteria including 225 individual participants. Data were extracted related to participant demographics (e.g., age, disability, response form) and study…
Descriptors: Verbal Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement, Behavior Modification, Students with Disabilities
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Lynch, Yvonne; McCleary, Muireann; Smith, Martine – Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 2018
Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) refers to a wide range of aided and unaided modes that are employed with a diverse group of people to support a range of language and communication outcomes. Children whose comprehension of spoken language greatly exceeds their ability to express themselves within that modality can be described as…
Descriptors: Assistive Technology, Program Effectiveness, Children, Adolescents
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DeSouza, Andresa A.; Akers, Jessica S.; Fisher, Wayne W. – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2017
Sundberg and Michael (2011) reviewed the contributions of Skinner's (1957) "Verbal Behavior" to the treatment of language delays in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and discussed several aspects of interventions, including mand training, intraverbal repertoire development, and the importance of using Skinner's taxonomy of…
Descriptors: Verbal Communication, Language Impairments, Developmental Delays, Autism
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Gamba, Jonas; Goyos, Celso; Petursdottir, Anna Ingeborg – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2015
Recently, there has been a proliferation of research on the functional independence of two of Skinner's (1957) verbal operants, the mand, and the tact. This research has produced highly variable results. In this article, we provide a critical review of the literature on mand-tact independence, a literature that has implications for both theory and…
Descriptors: Verbal Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement, Literature Reviews, Training
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Nam, Sang S.; Hwang, Young S. – Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship, 2016
A literature review was conducted to describe important concepts involved in functional analysis of verbal behavior as well as to evaluate empirical research findings on acquisition of picture exchange-based vs. signed mands to suggest instructional implications for teachers and therapists to teach functional communication skills to children with…
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Functional Behavioral Assessment, Pictorial Stimuli, Sign Language
Woods, Thomas S. – 1980
The notion of differentially reinforcing low rates of undesirable behavior (DRL) is examined. Further, the status of the full session DRL strategy as alternative to punishment is questioned in context of a strictly operant definition of punishment. A reexamination of the data from some studies reveals the possibility that Ss respond to said DRL…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Operant Conditioning, Punishment
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Bloom, K. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1979
Suggests that the use of the operant conditioning paradigm, as it has been applied to infant social, vocal behavior, fails to take into account the social nature of human infants over and above the rigid theoretical rationale of the Paradigm. (MP)
Descriptors: Infant Behavior, Infants, Literature Reviews, Operant Conditioning
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Vollmer, Timothy R. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1994
This article discusses problems inherent in the analysis of automatically reinforced behaviors, which are behaviors that are maintained by operant mechanisms independent of the social environment. Four classes of treatment that are compatible with automatic reinforcement are reviewed, including manipulations of establishing operations, sensory…
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Developmental Disabilities, Extinction (Psychology), Intervention
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Lovaas, Ivar; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1987
A detailed hypothesis of the acquisition and maintenance of self-stimulatory behavior is offered, proposing that such behaviors are operant responses whose reinforcers are automatically produced perceptual consequences. Related concepts are discussed, and support for the hypothesis from the areas of sensory reinforcement and sensory deprivation is…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Disorders, Behavior Theories, Etiology
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Heyman, Gene M. – Psychological Review, 1979
Staddon and Motheral derived a mathematical model of responding in concurrent variable-interval--variable-interval schedules. Their derivation ignores a fundamental aspect of the concurrent schedule contingency. A reinforcer can occur following two consecutive responses on the same schedule or following a switch between the two schedules.…
Descriptors: Behavior Theories, Learning Processes, Mathematical Models, Operant Conditioning
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Staddon, J. E. R.; Motheral, Susan – Psychological Review, 1979
Heyman's major criticism (TM 504 810) of Staddon and Motheral's reinforcement maximization model is that it does not consider "local" and "interchangeover" interresponse times separately. We show that this separation may not be necessary. Heyman's apparent gain in comprehensiveness may not be worth the added complexity.…
Descriptors: Behavior Theories, Learning Processes, Mathematical Models, Operant Conditioning
Hursh, Daniel E. – 1978
In Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior, three categories of environmental control over instances of verbal behavior appear to be relevant to the study of infant vocal development: the mand, the tact, and the echoic categories. Procedures used in the remediation of language deficiencies and procedures found in work in the area of language…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Discrimination Learning, Infants, Language Acquisition
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Matson, Johnny L.; Coe, David A. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1992
This article reviews applications of the applied behavior analysis ideas of B. F. Skinner and others to persons with both mental retardation and emotional disturbance. The review examines implications of behavior analysis for operant conditioning and radical behaviorism, schedules of reinforcement, and emotion and mental illness. (DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavioral Science Research, Behaviorism, Emotional Disturbances
Ramirez, Aura I. – 1983
Currently, three theories of learning dominate classroom practice. First, B.F. Skinner's Theory of Operant Conditioning states that if behavior, including learning behavior, is reinforced, the probability of its being repeated increases strongly. Different types and schedules of reinforcement have been studied, by Skinner and others, and the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Educational Psychology, Educational Theories, Elementary Secondary Education
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