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Mindy C. Scheithauer; Summer B. Bottini; Meara X. H. McMahon – Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 2025
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) is a common strategy for escape-maintained behaviors targeted for reduction (i.e., targeted behavior) exhibited by youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities. DRA often involves various methods of prompting to ensure the instruction or task remains in place until contingencies…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Behavior Problems, Behavior Modification, Prompting
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John M. Falligant; Brianna Laureano; Emily Chesbrough; Margaret M. Ruckle; Molly K. Bednar – Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 2023
Token reinforcement procedures are used to increase appropriate behavior (e.g., completion of instructional tasks) and decrease problem behavior (e.g., aggression) in a wide array of clinical contexts. Token exchange-production schedules, which specify the number of tokens that must be accrued to produce the exchange schedule, are important…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Reinforcement, Token Economy, Behavior Modification
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Cynthia P. Livingston; Jessica P. Tran; Brinea M. Charles; Sara R. Jeglum; Mathew C. Luehring; Patricia F. Kurtz – Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 2025
Functional communication training is a widely used function-based intervention to replace inappropriate and severe challenging behavior (Tiger et al., 2008). When considering which FCR topography to include in functional communication training, clinicians may consider several factors such as response effort, social significance, and preference.…
Descriptors: Verbal Operant Conditioning, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children, Child Behavior
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Emily N. White; Sara K. Snyder; Rachel R. Cagliani; Kevin M. Ayres – Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 2025
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (n.d.) suggests that acquisition and use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is dynamic and that learning multiple modalities may be beneficial particularly for those individuals with severe disabilities. Evaluation of response variability after training multiple modalities has yet…
Descriptors: Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Assistive Technology, Communication Disorders, Learning Modalities
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Shaji S. Haq; Fahad Alresheed; Joyce C. Tu – Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 2021
Misophonia is characterized by an autonomic response (e.g., increased heart rate) that is elicited by certain innocuous or repetitive sounds, and individuals with misophonia may display an extreme, overt response commonly associated with rage, hatred, and a loss of self-control. In this investigation, we used a combined respondent and operant…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Adults, Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Summer Bottini; Jennifer Gillis – Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 2021
Identification of reinforcers is critical to the effectiveness of behavioral interventions. Stimulus preference assessments (SPA) are a frequently used method to identify putative reinforcers. Given the fluctuating nature of individual preferences, there is need for efficient training of providers that may regularly implement SPAs. The present…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Behavior Modification, Preferences, Training