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Showing 1 to 15 of 44 results Save | Export
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Neuringer, Allen – Behavior Analyst, 2012
The target paper by Barba (2012) raises issues that were the focus of the author's first two publications on operant variability. The author will describe the main findings in those papers and then discuss Barba's specific arguments. Barba has argued against the operant nature of variability. (Contains 2 figures.)
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Feedback (Response)
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Singh, Teghpal; McDannald, Michael A.; Takahashi, Yuji K.; Haney, Richard Z.; Cooch, Nisha K.; Lucantonio, Federica; Schoenbaum, Geoffrey – Learning & Memory, 2011
While knowing what to expect is important, it is equally important to know when to expect it and to respond accordingly. This is apparent even in simple Pavlovian training situations in which animals learn to respond more strongly closer to reward delivery. Here we report that the nucleus accumbens core, an area well-positioned to represent…
Descriptors: Rewards, Classical Conditioning, Behavior Modification, Operant Conditioning
Schmelzkopf, Jeannine – ProQuest LLC, 2010
In the following paper, two experiments are reported based on the relation between adult approvals as conditioned reinforcers and the number of vocal verbal operants, specifically tacts, mands, wh questions, sequelics, and conversational units emitted by children diagnosed with developmental disabilities. In Experiment I, following an experimental…
Descriptors: Intervention, Conditioning, Developmental Disabilities, Preschool Children
Shorkey, Clayton Thomas – 1968
Some 80, white, schizophrenic patients were administered the Taylor Personality Scale of Manifest Anxiety (MAS), the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) and were tested on an operant conditioning task. Hypotheses tested were: (1) effectiveness of social reinforcement (verbal approval) on a verbal conditioning task would be enhanced by subjecting…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, Psychological Characteristics, Reinforcement
Miller, Frank D.; Moffat, Gene H. – 1970
A major concern of this report was to compare the effect of three verbal reinforcement combinations (VRCs) on the rate at which children learn a simultaneous two-choice discrimination problem. The experiments were designed to test the following: (1) whether relative effectiveness of the VRCs was dependent upon task complexity or subject age; (2)…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Conditioning, Discrimination Learning
Massari, David J. – 1971
One hundred twenty-eight preschool boys were subjects in a 4x2x2 factorial design to investigate the change in reinforcer efficacy as a function of prior stimulus exposure. The factors were: (1) amount of repetition, 5, 25, 45, or 65; (2) reinforcer, good or bell; and (3) satiator, good or bell. Two additional groups were run as control groups to…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Discrimination Learning, Extinction (Psychology), Learning
Sheppard, W. C. – J Exp Child Psychol, 1969
Descriptors: Conditioning, Infant Behavior, Motor Development, Operant Conditioning
Walls, Richard T. – 1968
One control group and eight experimental groups, each composed of 12 first grade children, participated in this experiment. It was designed to investigate the effects of frequency of reinforcement and repeated evaluation of stimuli on the conditioning of preferences. Each child participated in the experiment for seven consecutive school days. The…
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Children, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes
Rovee, Carolyn Kent; Rovee, David T. – J Exp Child Psychol, 1969
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Conditioning, Infant Behavior, Operant Conditioning
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Palmer, David C. – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2006
The discrimination of the onset of joint control is an important interpretive tool in explaining matching behavior and other complex phenomena, but the difficulty of getting experimental control of all relevant variables stands in the way of a definitive experiment. The studies in the present issue of "The Analysis of Verbal Behavior" illustrate…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Verbal Operant Conditioning, Research Methodology, Protocol Analysis
Doctor, Ronald M. – Child Develop, 1969
Based on an MA thesis submitted to the University of Illinois.
Descriptors: Conditioning, Elementary School Students, Extinction (Psychology), Perception
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Cooperman, Marc; Child, Irvin L. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1971
The present study attempted to duplicate earlier findings and to investigate the effects of mechanical as well as personal reinforcement. However, the acquisition and extinction differences between oral and anal scoring types reported in the earlier studies were not obtained with either personal or mechanical reinforcement. (Author)
Descriptors: Conditioning, Negative Reinforcement, Positive Reinforcement, Psychological Characteristics
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Parker, Ronald K.; Rugel, Robert P. – Child Development, 1973
Eight- and 9-year-olds (N=56) were studied to determine the degree to which counterconditioning could alter the positive or negative value acquired by a neutral stimulus in a conditioning situation. Dependent measures used to assess the effects of conditioning were found to have no independent effect on subsequent evaluations of the once-neutral…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Elementary School Students, Evaluation, Reinforcement
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Dinsmoor, James A. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2004
The origins of many of the basic concepts used in the experimental analysis of behavior can be traced to Pavlov's (1927/1960) discussion of unconditional and conditional reflexes in the dog, but often with substantial changes in meaning (e.g., stimulus, response, and reinforcement). Other terms were added by Skinner (1938/1991) to describe his…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Operant Conditioning, Etymology, Reinforcement
Christ, Susann – 1974
This paper reviews several issues regarding one- versus two-factor theories of learning. First, the traditional distinctions between classical and operant conditioning are presented. This includes both theoretical and experimental contrasts. Second, empirical evidence in support for a one-factor theory is examined. Numerous research studies…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Cognitive Processes, Conditioning, Learning Theories
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