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Miguel, Caio F. – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2017
The mand is a type of verbal operant whose response form is under control of a motivating operation (MO). It is the first verbal operant to be acquired, directly benefits the speaker, leads to the development of other behaviors, and may serve to replace problem behavior. Even though the topography of the mand is under the functional control of an…
Descriptors: Verbal Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement, Stimuli, Motivation
Brodhead, Matthew T.; Higbee, Thomas S.; Gerencser, Kristina R.; Akers, Jessica S. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2016
We investigated the effects of a script-fading and discrimination-training procedure on mand variability in preschoolers with autism. Participants were taught to vary their vocal mands in the presence of written scripts, a green placemat, and a lag schedule of reinforcement. They were also taught to engage in repetitive mands in the presence of…
Descriptors: Autism, Preschool Children, Verbal Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement
Schmidt, Jonathan D.; Bednar, Mary K.; Willse, Lena V.; Goetzel, Amanda L.; Concepcion, Anthony; Pincus, Shari M.; Hardesty, Samantha L.; Bowman, Lynn G. – Journal of Behavioral Education, 2017
A primary goal of behavioral interventions is to reduce dangerous or inappropriate behavior and to generalize treatment effects across various settings. However, there is a lack of research evaluating generalization of treatment effects while individuals with functionally equivalent problem behavior interact with each other. For the current study,…
Descriptors: Functional Behavioral Assessment, Adults, Behavior Problems, Verbal Operant Conditioning
Bloh, Christopher; Scagliotti, Christopher; Baugh, Sarah; Sheenan, Megan; Silas, Shane; Zulli, Nicole – Journal of Special Education Apprenticeship, 2017
Five reinforcing activities were presented to and interrupted for two participants with autism. An errorless teaching procedure was then introduced with two similar activities prompting the participants to request information saying "How?" in order to resume the activity. The dependent variable included both the cumulative number of…
Descriptors: Autism, Teaching Methods, Verbal Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement
Ingvarsson, Einar T. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
This study examined the effects of parent-implemented mand training on the acquisition of framed manding in a 4-year-old boy who had undergone partial hemispherectomy. Framed manding became the predominant mand form when and only when the intervention was implemented with each preferred toy, but minimal generalization to untrained toys …
Descriptors: Parents as Teachers, Verbal Operant Conditioning, Young Children, Males
April, L. Brooke; Bruce, Katherine; Galizio, Mark – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2011
Previous research has shown that rats can learn matching-to-sample relations with olfactory stimuli; however, the specific characteristics of this relational control are unclear. In Experiment 1, 6 rats were trained to either match or nonmatch to sample in a modified operant chamber using common household spices as olfactory stimuli. After…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Reinforcement, Generalization, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
Love, Jessica June – ProQuest LLC, 2013
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of PECS phase III application training on independent mands in young children with autism. Participants were five children with autism ranging from ages 2 to 4 years old. A multiple baseline across participants was used to evaluate acquisition of independent correct mands across baseline and…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Young Children, Verbal Operant Conditioning
Matos, Maria Amelia; Passos, Maria de Lourdes – Behavior Analyst, 2010
The production of verbal operants not previously taught is an important aspect of language productivity. For Skinner, new mands, tacts, and autoclitics result from the recombination of verbal operants. The relation between these mands, tacts, and autoclitics is what linguists call "analogy," a grammatical pattern that serves as a foundation on…
Descriptors: Creativity, Verbal Stimuli, Grammar, Linguistics
Gruber, Ronald P. – J Psychol, 1970
Descriptors: College Graduates, Color, Discrimination Learning, Generalization
Ross, Denise E.; Nuzzolo, Robin; Stolfi, Lauren; Natarelli, Sarah – Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 2006
Speaker immersion is a tactic that uses multiple establishing operations to increase speaker behavior for individuals with limited mand and tact repertoires. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effects of speaker immersion on the number of independent mands, tacts, and autoclitics emitted by young children with verbal delays. In the…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Verbal Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement, Developmental Delays
Frankel, A. Steven; Buchwald, Alexander M. – J Abnorm Psychol, 1969
Descriptors: Analysis of Variance, Associative Learning, Generalization, Reinforcement

Unikel, Irving P.; Strain, G. S. – Psychological Reports, 1971
Descriptors: College Students, Generalization, Learning Processes, Learning Theories
Goetz, Elizabeth M.; And Others – 1973
The generalization of "trained" creativity in easel painting to untrained creativity in blockbuilding was examined in two preschool boys. Verbal reinforcement of every different form painted in a picture increased both the number of different forms per picture and new forms (those appearing for the first time in the total output of…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Art Activities, Behavior Development, Behavioral Science Research
Dorow, Laura G. – Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 1980
A severely disabled and retarded 15-year-old girl was examined for: effect of music and approval as reinforcers for following a command; effect of a food-pairing procedure on an approval alone condition, an approval plus music condition, and an ignore condition; durability of newly conditioned reinforcers; and strength of the new reinforcers as…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Behavior Modification, Case Studies, Exceptional Child Research
Piper, Terrence – 1974
The areas of learning theory and classroom applications of that theory are brought together in this booklet. Although it is impossible to provide the answer to every classroom behavior problem, relating the problems and objectives of a given classroom to learning theory should facilitate the development of effective and efficient programs.…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavioral Objectives, Classroom Environment, Discrimination Learning
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