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Showing 1 to 15 of 42 results Save | Export
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Chance, Sydni; Cividini-Motta, Catia; Livingston, Cynthia – Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 2021
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often display impairments in communication, such as limited echoic behavior, few vocal-verbal responses, and a lack of functional communication. One potential way to foster the acquisition of vocal responses in individuals with disabilities is by conditioning vocalizations as reinforcers. Conditioning…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Interpersonal Communication, Communication Skills
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Joseph, Laurice M.; Alber-Morgan, Sheila; Neef, Nancy – Psychology in the Schools, 2016
The purpose of this article is to discuss the application of behavior analytic procedures for advancing and evaluating methods for teaching literacy skills in the classroom. Particularly, applied behavior analysis has contributed substantially to examining the relationship between teacher behavior and student literacy performance. Teacher…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Literacy Education, Reading Skills, Behavior Modification
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Raab, Melinda; Dunst, Carl J.; Hamby, Deborah W. – Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 2016
Findings from a randomized controlled design study of an ability-based versus needs-based approach to response-contingent learning among children with significant developmental delays and disabilities who did not use instrumental behavior to produce reinforcing consequences are reported. The ability-based intervention and needs-based intervention…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Developmental Delays, Intervention, Young Children
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Urcuioli, Peter J.; Swisher, Melissa – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2012
Three experiments evaluated whether the apparent reflexivity effect reported by Sweeney and Urcuioli (2010) for pigeons might, in fact, be transitivity. In Experiment 1, pigeons learned symmetrically reinforced hue-form (A-B) and form-hue (B-A) successive matching. Those also trained on form-form (B-B) matching responded more to hue comparisons…
Descriptors: Animals, Reinforcement, Conditioning, Responses
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Kroger-Costa, Andreia; Abreu-Rodrigues, Josele – Psychological Record, 2012
The present study investigated the effect of the presence of the experimenter on behavioral sensitivity to contingency change. In history training, college students were exposed to differential reinforcement of low rate (DRL) and fixed-ratio (FR) schedules, and in testing, to a fixed-interval (FI) schedule. For the control group, instructions were…
Descriptors: Contingency Management, Reinforcement, Instruction, History
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Bradshaw, Ceri A.; Reed, Phil – Learning and Motivation, 2012
In three experiments, human participants pressed the space bar on a computer keyboard to earn points on random-ratio (RR) and random-interval (RI) schedules of reinforcement. Verbalized contingency awareness (CA) for each schedule was measured after the entire task (Experiments 1 and 2), or after each RR-RI trial (Experiment 3). In all three…
Descriptors: Intervals, Reinforcement, Computers, Task Analysis
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Arantes, Joana; Berg, Mark E.; Le, Dien; Grace, Randolph C. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2012
In Experiment 1, 4 pigeons were trained on a multiple chain schedule in which the initial link was a variable-interval (VI) 20-s schedule signalled by a red or green center key, and terminal links required four responses made to the left (L) and/or right (R) keys. In the REPEAT component, signalled by red keylights, only LRLR terminal-link…
Descriptors: Resistance to Change, Preferences, Animals, Reinforcement
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Laprime, Amanda P.; Dittrich, Gretchen A. – Education and Treatment of Children, 2014
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the use of a treatment package comprised of a social story, discrimination training, and differential reinforcement with response cost on the vocal stereotypy of one preschooler diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. The study took place in a preschool classroom of a public school and was implemented…
Descriptors: Program Evaluation, Program Effectiveness, Story Telling, Reinforcement
Luczynski, Kevin C.; Hanley, Gregory P. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2010
Studies that have assessed whether children prefer contingent reinforcement (CR) or noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) have shown that they prefer CR. Preference for CR has, however, been evaluated only under continuous reinforcement (CRF) schedules. The prevalence of intermittent reinforcement (INT) warrants an evaluation of whether preference for…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Behavior Modification, Contingency Management, Responses
Sokolowski, Michel B. C.; Disma, Gerald; Abramson, Charles I. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2010
An operant conditioning situation for the blow fly ("Protophormia terrae novae") is described. Individual flies are trained to enter and reenter a hole as the operant response. Only a few sessions of contingent reinforcement are required to increase response rates. When the response is no longer followed by food, the rate of entering the hole…
Descriptors: Operant Conditioning, Responses, Behavioral Science Research, Animals
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Jarmolowicz, David P.; Lattal, Kennon A. – Behavior Analyst, 2010
Several different arrangements have been described for increasing the response requirements for reinforcement using the label "progressive-ratio schedule." Under the original progressive-ratio schedule, the response requirement is increased after each reinforcer. Subsequently, arrangements have been used in which the number of required responses…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Responses, Scientific Concepts, Behavioral Science Research
Pietras, Cynthia J.; Brandt, Andrew E.; Searcy, Gabriel D. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2010
An experiment with adult humans investigated the effects of response-contingent money loss (response-cost punishment) on monetary-reinforced responding. A yoked-control procedure was used to separate the effects on responding of the response-cost contingency from the effects of reduced reinforcement density. Eight adults pressed buttons for money…
Descriptors: Intervals, Behavior Modification, Punishment, Reinforcement
Hachiga, Yosuke; Sakagami, Takayuki – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2010
Four rats' choices between two levers were differentially reinforced using a runs-test algorithm. On each trial, a runs-test score was calculated based on the last 20 choices. In Experiment 1, the onset of stimulus lights cued when the runs score was smaller than criterion. Following cuing, the correct choice was occasionally reinforced with food,…
Descriptors: Prompting, Reinforcement, Contingency Management, Responses
Hackenberg, Timothy D. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2009
Token reinforcement procedures and concepts are reviewed and discussed in relation to general principles of behavior. The paper is divided into four main parts. Part I reviews and discusses previous research on token systems in relation to common behavioral functions--reinforcement, temporal organization, antecedent stimulus functions, and…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Contingency Management, Token Economy, Behavior Modification
Heinicke, Megan R.; Carr, James E.; Mozzoni, Michael P. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2009
The present study investigated the effects of contingency-specifying rules and a token economy to decrease the latency to comply with academic instructions by a 16-year-old girl with acquired brain injury. Results showed that treatment was successful in reducing academic response latencies. These results replicate previous research in which…
Descriptors: Neurological Impairments, Head Injuries, Brain, Token Economy
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