This study evaluated the effects and collateral effects of extinction (EXT) and differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) interventions with inappropriate vocalizations and work refusal. Both interventions have been used frequently to reduce problem behaviors. The benefits of these interventions have been established yet may be…

The present investigation was concerned with the manner in which changes in children's behavior to one dispenser of reinforcement (Experimenter A) might affect behavior to another dispenser (Experimenter B). (Author)

To determine the effect of videotape self-confrontation as a training device for speech clinicians, 30 students participated in a 12 month study. Ten experimental subjects were assigned to single confrontation, 10 to double confrontation, and 10 were control subjects. Each confrontation subject used a therapy matrix and scored his therapy session…

Provided are strategies for teaching activities of daily living (ADL), which include dressing, eating, grooming, toileting, and basic homemakine, to severely retarded students. Reviewed are the steps necessary to teach ADL skills: ADL assessment, identification of appropriate strategies and tactics, and task analysis. Explained are four common…

To modify behavior and teach basic skills and subject matter, 16 emotionally disturbed deaf boys were involved in a pilot project to enable them to return to regular classes. The program featured a small staff-pupil ratio, application of behavior modification techniques, engineered instruction, individualized self-instructional curriculum…

Twenty students (ages 11-15) with disabilities used a consensus-based group evaluation system to evaluate their group's behavior during a specified time period. Comparing team ratings to teacher ratings and delivering reinforcement (based on group behavior and team accuracy in rating behavior) was found to be an effective strategy for modifying…

Intended for teachers and others providing services for moderately and severely physically and/or mentally handicapped children and young adults, the manual presents strategies, procedures, and task analyses for training in daily living skills. Section I provides an overview of tactics for teaching activities of daily living (ADL) skills,…

To evaluate the effectiveness of an engineered classroom design, 54 educationally handicapped children were placed in six classrooms, each with a teacher and an aide. Each classroom was set up with three major centers: mastery-achievement, exploratory-social, and attention-response-order. Children were assigned tasks at centers in keeping with…

Conference papers are concerned with the overall curriculum for the trainable mentally handicapped, physical education and recreation, a psychological evaluation, arts and crafts and associated learning, and language development. Discussed are matters of contingency management in the classroom, programing, evaluation and testing instruments,…

The report describes a 3-year project which utilized the techniques of experimental psychology and the principles of operant conditioning to gain in the understanding and treatment of autistic and schizophrenic children. Included are discussions of the autistic child, the project itself, arbitrary and natural reinforcement, the setting and…