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Vaculíková, Jitka; Kalenda, Jan; Kocvarová, Ilona – Cogent Education, 2023
Non-formal adult education (NFE) provides adults of all ages with the opportunity to acquire skills, knowledge, and expertise. However, there is currently a lack of validated instruments that measure the factors of NFE non-participation in European countries, particularly their barriers. One exception is the Non-participation in Non-formal…
Descriptors: Validity, Cross Cultural Studies, Informal Education, Adult Education
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Hu, Bi Ying; Fan, Xitao; Gu, Chuanhua; Yang, Ning – Early Education and Development, 2016
Research Findings: This study examined the applicability of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) Pre-K (Pianta, La Paro, & Hamre, 2008) and its underpinning framework of teaching through interactions in typical Chinese kindergarten classrooms. A sample of 180 kindergarten classrooms in China was selected, and the CLASS was used to…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Rating Scales, Kindergarten, Teacher Student Relationship
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Beauducel, Andre – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2013
The problem of factor score indeterminacy implies that the factor and the error scores cannot be completely disentangled in the factor model. It is therefore proposed to compute Harman's factor score predictor that contains an additive combination of factor and error variance. This additive combination is discussed in the framework of classical…
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Predictor Variables, Reliability, Error of Measurement