The goal of this paper is twofold. First, the paper clarifies and elaborates on an important theoretical construct called orientation with respect to understanding in mathematics, which denotes the degree to which students exhibit an inclination towards and demonstrate an earnest concern for understanding in mathematical learning. Second, the…

Education is a significant institution given the shift to a knowledge economy. Today students have numerous expectations that range from choosing what to learn, how to learn and how much to learn based on their individual academic needs. Student satisfaction is an important facet for higher education institutions and specifically, it is highly…

How can we test whether state-of-the-art generative models, such as Blender and GPT-3, are good AI teachers, capable of replying to a student in an educational dialogue? Designing an AI teacher test is challenging: although evaluation methods are much-needed, there is no off-the-shelf solution to measuring pedagogical ability. This paper reports…

Research into "gaming the system" behavior in intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) has been around for almost two decades, and detection has been developed for many ITSs. Machine learning models can detect this behavior in both real-time and in historical data. However, intelligent tutoring system designs often change over time, in terms…

The use of Bayesian Knowledge Tracing (BKT) models in predicting student learning and mastery, especially in mathematics, is a well-established and proven approach in learning analytics. In this work, we report on our analysis examining the generalizability of BKT models across academic years attributed to "detector rot." We compare the…

This paper discusses the steps involve in project development for developing the mobile application, namely Blood Bank Application and developing the convertor for software testing. The project development is important for Computer Science students for them to learn the important steps in developing the application and testing the reliability of…

Scoring essays is generally an exhausting and time-consuming task for teachers. Automated Essay Scoring (AES) facilitates the scoring process to be faster and more consistent. The most logical way to assess the performance of an automated scorer is by measuring the score agreement with the human raters. However, we provide empirical evidence that…

This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability evidence of Teacher Self-efficacy (TSE) scale (Tschannen-Moran & Hoy, 2001) for teacher in K-12 US schools. Particularly, our study gathered evidence for the internal structure validity, convergent validity, criterion validity and reliability of the TSES in US educational context. The…

Peer assessment is a promising solution for scaling up the grading of a large number of submissions. The reliability of evaluations is one of the critical issues in peer assessment; several probabilistic models have been proposed for obtaining reliable grades from peers. Peer correction is a similar framework, in which students are instructed to…

As standards documents have been introduced over the past 20 years, many states have seen an evolution in both the standards and related high stakes exams. For many teachers across the U.S., the rollout of standards and exams has not been an experience that builds trust in state education leaders. In this study, we consider three major changes in…

This investigation utilized publicly available data from the High School Longitudinal Study 2009 (HSLS:09) by the National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES) to examine any latent structures among variables which may empirically support the validity and reliability of a mathematical sense of belonging (MSB) construct. Using the nationally…

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have become more and more popular recently. These courses have attracted a large number of students world-wide. In a popular course, there may be thousands of students. Such a large number of students in one course makes it infeasible for the instructors to grade all the submissions. Peer assessment is thus an…

The aim of the study is to adapt Preschool Children's Science Motivation Scale (PCSMS) developed by Oppermann et al. into Turkish and conduct the validity and reliability analyses. This scale is considered important in terms of evaluating the science motivation of preschool children through the science concepts they are familiar with, based on…

Grounded in the renewed focus on research on evaluation (Coryn, Noakes, Westine, & Schröter, 2011; Mark, 2007; Peck, Kim, & Lucio, 2012), which is motivated, in part, by a desire for evidence-informed practice, this paper calls attention to the need to discern larger patterns across studies. It argues that without clarity and consistency…

This paper explores student satisfaction of tutor services provided at the University of Ghana Learning Centres specifically, Koforidua Learning Centre. A simple random sampling method was used to select current 150 undergraduate students pursuing varied degree programmes at the Koforidua Learning Centre. There was an observed significant…