Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) treatment in Norway is centralized and multidisciplinary, with long-term follow-up from birth to adulthood. The Norwegian Registry of Cleft Lip and Palate was established to ensure high-quality care and enable systematic data collection. Speech data are a key component, assessed by speech--language therapists…

Detecting and mitigating wormhole attacks in wireless networks remains a critical challenge due to their deceptive nature and potential to compromise network integrity. This paper proposes a novel approach to wormhole detection by leveraging propagation delay analysis between network nodes. Unlike traditional methods that rely on signature-based…

Background: Speech-language pathologists often multitask in order to be efficient with their commonly large caseloads. In stuttering assessment, multitasking often involves collecting multiple measures simultaneously. Aims: The present study sought to determine reliability when collecting multiple measures simultaneously versus individually.…

This paper investigates the methodological discrepancies underlying the measurement of adult learning and education (ALE) participation in the UK by focusing on four major surveys -- APiL, PIAAC, AES, and LFS. Grounded in the Total Survey Error (TSE) framework, we systematically examined the surveys' documentation and compared their definitions,…

Dependability (also known as consistency) is one of four criteria in rigor and trustworthiness in qualitative research. In this article, the process of establishing consistency is discussed through the lenses of constructivism and interpretivism, as the observed social reality is viewed as epistemologically counter-intuitive. Two strategies were…

Family income questions in general purpose surveys are usually collected with either a single-question summary design or a multiple-question disaggregation design. It is unclear how estimates from the two approaches agree with each other. The current paper takes advantage of a large-scale survey that has collected family income with both methods.…

Focusing on systematic observation, one of the most potent methods of studying teaching quality, represents one of the numerous contributions of Daryl Siedentop to the profession. While he had a clear focus on issues of validity and reliability concerning systematic observation, over the past decades, attention to such issues appears to have…

Critical thinking (CT) consists of a deliberate and reflective process that can lead to informed decisions. It involves scrutinizing the trustworthiness and consistency of underlying assumptions, the sources of data, and the validity of other information. CT embodies deliberate, self-regulated judgment incorporating cognitive abilities such as…

Infant research is often underpowered, undermining the robustness and replicability of our findings. Improving the reliability of infant studies offers a solution for increasing statistical power independent of sample size. Here, we discuss two senses of the term reliability in the context of infant research: reliable (large) effects and reliable…

Background: Gaining insight into sleep-wake patterns of persons with intellectual disabilities is commonly done using wrist actigraphy. For some people, contactless alternatives are needed. This study compares a contactless bed sensor with wrist actigraphy to monitor sleep-wake patterns of people with moderate to profound intellectual…

The success of development projects and evaluations hinges on having access to research protocols and methodologies that consider the needs and characteristics of stakeholders, subjects, and context while remaining rigorous and culturally sound. These efforts are often complicated by a dearth of tools that have been tested for validity and…

The reason for conducting the present case study was the problems the researchers encountered during data collection for another research project (Primary Study) entitled "The effects of virtual versus traditional flipped classes on EFL learners' grammar knowledge, self-regulation, and autonomy." Two online questionnaires were…

Online surveys are widely used in social science research as well as in empirical studies of open, online, and distance education. However, students' responses are likely to be at odds with their actual behavior. In this context, we examined the discrepancies between self-reported use and actual use (i.e., learning analytics data) among 20,646…

This case study delves into the intricacies of internationalization in higher education through the lens of phenomenology and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Based on original research with 30 international students and staff across three UK institutions, the study reveals the hidden dimensions of xeno-racism, angelism, and ethical…

In the study, the Principal-Teacher Relationship Scale, created originally by Zee, Roorda, and Hanna (2023), was subjected to an adaptation study for Turkish culture. In line with this aim, data for the study were gathered from 389 teachers working in primary and secondary schools located in the districts of Konya, Turkey. The Principal-Teacher…