Learning a second language is a life-long process requiring acquaintance with a repertoire of language learning strategies (LLS). Despite copious research on LLS and their role in fostering autonomous learning, few studies have examined strategies employed when trying to master specific subsystems of the target language, especially grammar.…

The purpose of this research was standardization through a test construction by addressing the assessment of validity and reliability of Reid's English language learning styles among high school students. This research was of quantitative approach. In this paper, 357 (189 females and 168 males) high school students in Isfahan Province on 2013-2014…

In two studies, we examined two functional dimensions of L2 learners' self-regulation toward their motivational goals: assessment and locomotion. The assessment constitutes the aspect of self-regulation concerned with critically evaluating the relative quality of L2 states and goals and the means to achieve them. The locomotion mode constitutes…

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Motivational scale of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire in a sample of 656 Chinese secondary students in an English learning context. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis results suggested that a five-factor motivational structure fit the data better…

From the complex dynamic systems theory perspective, evaluating CALL pedagogy involves miscellaneous variables. It seems the ecosystem of the CALL environment necessitates an array of extralinguistic (Ecolinguistically situated) issues to be considered in any appraisal of the CALL milieu. To this end, this paper aims to develop and validate a…

The study aimed to elicit information from Vietnamese EFL university instructors about their knowledge and skills regarding the principles, theory, and practices of language assessment by means of revision and validation of the Language Assessment Literacy--Revised Vietnam (LAL-RV), which was previously developed by Kremmel and Harding (2020). A…

As a consequence of the inclusion of students with special educational needs in mainstream classrooms, there is a need to measure the attitudes of language teachers toward inclusive education. This study used an exploratory sequential mixed methods research design to validate the construct of a newly developed scale. After exploratory qualitative…

This article describes the development of a new questionnaire for assessing L2 learners' language attitudes. Drawing on theoretical work in the fields of social psychology and applied linguistics, the author reviewed the concept of (language) attitudes and contrasted them with the concept of (language) motivation. This thorough literature review,…

The aim of the study is to develop a scale named Classroom Life Perception Scale (CLPS) for determining the classroom life perceptions of the students toward lessons. The proposal scale, composed of 44 items, was applied to 2 study groups. The group of Exploratory Factor Analysis that aims to determine the psychometric properties especially the…

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the psychometric and structural instruments of the Physics Metacognition Inventory (PMI) developed by Taasoobshirazi, Bailey, and Farley. The PMI consists of 26 items in six factors. The English and Indonesian versions were tested on an English course (N = 37) in the Geophysics study program at Tadulako…

The aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool that evaluates the teaching practicum to shed light on the expectations and attitudes of English teacher candidates in relation to teaching practicum. In this context, two measurement tools; expectation scale and reaction scale were prepared based on the amalgamation of Kirkpatrick Training…

This study introduces a new scale of willingness to communicate in a second language (L2 WTC) in digital and non-digital EFL contexts. The psychometric testing of the revised L2 WTC (L2 WTC-R) was undertaken with 114 Indonesian EFL students by means of exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The results yielded an 11-item scale composed of three…

The aim of this study is to adapt the Crick Learning for Resilient Agency (CLARA) to Turkish culture, and to examine the psychometric features of the Inventory according to both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). In this respect, it is a descriptive level survey design research. Two different study groups were formed in…

In this study it is aimed to develop a measurement tool to determine the attitudes of foreign language teacher candidates towards a second foreign language. The item pool was prepared by literature review and teacher candidates' views and finalized by taking expert opinions. The 61 item preliminary form was applied to 504 teacher candidates…

Research has already established the boundless potential of teachers in assisting effective learning processes, and there is still a need to expand research to illustrate interrelation and connection between the construct of teachers' professional accountability which moderates and directs student learning. To this end, a comprehensive review of…