Used reliability generalization to study five versions of the Working Alliance Inventory (A. Horvath, 1981; WAI), analyzing 67 internal consistency estimates, 6 interrater reliability estimates, and 4 study characteristics. In general WAI scale scores appear to be robust. (SLD)

Describes how the assumptions underlying the use of multiple regression are not satisfied in reliability generalization studies and introduces mixed effects modeling to overcome many shortcomings of traditional approaches. Provides an example using results from the Beck Depression Inventory. (SLD)

Average reliability of the coefficient is suggested as a multivariate extension of the classical reliability coefficient. It is shown that this coefficient is identical to the mean redundancy of the observed variables conditional on the true variables. (Author/SLD)

H. Kaiser (1992) has shown that the sum of coefficients alpha of a set of principal components does not change when the components are transformed by an orthogonal rotation. In this paper, the rotational invariance and the successive alpha-optimality are integrated and generalized in a simultaneous approach. (SLD)

Developed a graphical method of determining adequate sample size based on the power of L. Feldt's (1969) test of the difference between two values of Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Discusses assumptions on which this approach is based. (SLD)

Uses classical test theory to show that it is the nature of the range restriction, rather than the nature of the available reliability coefficient, that determines the sequence for applying corrections for range restriction and unreliability. Shows how the common rule of thumb for choosing the sequence is tenable only when the correction does not…

Studied the effectiveness of various analytical formulas for estimating "R" squared shrinkage in multiple regression analysis, focusing on estimators of the squared population multiple correlation coefficient and the squared population cross validity coefficient. Simulation results suggest that the most widely used Wherry (R. Wherry,…

Studied the population discrepancy of coefficient alpha from the composite reliability coefficient for fixed congeneric measures with correlated errors and expressed it in terms of parameters of the measures. Recommends structural equation modeling for identifying cases in which the discrepancy can be large. (SLD)

Discusses techniques used to ensure consistent scoring of written student responses in such subjects as reading, mathematics, writing, science, geography, U.S. history, and civics. Describes selecting scorers and image scoring and monitoring. (SLD)

Reviews important milestones in the history of reliability, current issues related to reliability, and likely prospects for reliability from the perspective of what constitutes a replication of a measurement procedure. Pays special attention to the fixed/random aspects of facets that characterize replications. (SLD)

Developed an approximate statistical test for the hypothesis of equality between the Spearman-Brown extrapolations of two independent values of Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the procedure effectively controls Type I error. (SLD)

Outlines methods in Rasch measurement that are used to gather evidence for reliability and validity and attempts to articulate how these methods may be linked with current views of reliability and validity. (SLD)

In 1997, noting that the 50th anniversary of the publication of "Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests" was fast approaching, Lee Cronbach planned what have become the notes published here. His aim was to point out the ways in which his views on coefficient alpha had evolved, doubting now that the coefficient was the best way of…

Attention is brought to the existence of incongruity in the definition of reliability in the literature, and some unnecessary controversies and confusions which result. A conventionalization of the meaning of reliability at a conceptual, model-free level is proposed. Through the exploration of two paradoxes, this article attempts to address some…

Objectives: Referral to Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) is a common continuing care recommendation. Evidence suggests some youth benefit, yet, despite referrals, youth participation is low. Little is known about adolescents' experiences of AA/NA. Greater knowledge would inform and help tailor aftercare recommendations.…