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Powers, William T. – American Behavioral Scientist, 1990
Contrasts modeling methods in control theory to the methods of statistical generalizations in empirical studies of human or animal behavior. Presents a computer simulation that predicts behavior based on variables (effort and rewards) determined by the invariable (desired reward). Argues that control theory methods better reflect relationships to…
Descriptors: Behavior, Causal Models, Comparative Analysis, Computer Simulation

Runkel, Philip J. – American Behavioral Scientist, 1990
Examines how control theorists believe behavior results from individuals' internal standards reacting to environmental change. Argues that this belief requires a new research method, a test for the controlled variable, which seeks variables that do not change with a stimulus. Presents features of William Powers' control theory. Suggests sources of…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Behavior Theories, Causal Models, Etiology