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Wu, Wei; Jia, Fan – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2021
Longitudinal panel studies are widely used in developmental science to address important research questions on human development across the lifespan. These studies, however, are often challenging to implement. They can be costly, time-consuming, and vulnerable to test--retest effects or high attrition over time. Planned missingness designs (PMDs),…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Research Design, Data Analysis, Developmental Psychology