Proposes that a levels-of-processing analysis of encoding implies that (a) other things being equal, (e.g., task requirements), deeper information should be equally derivable from pictures and words; but (b) when picture-word differences do occur, they are encoding phenomena which result because task requirements generally favor more discriminable…

While it is clear that schizophrenic patients often exhibit disordered thinking, the specific nature of the deficit and its role, either as a basis of abnormal behavior or as a symptom of malfunction in some underlying control process, remain to be clarified by research and by theory. Describes two experiments on the performance of conceptual…