This paper presents a conceptual model for guiding research on homework. Based on elements derived from a review of 26 recent U.S. and international empirical studies of homework, the model emphasizes the need to consider many variables in order to reach an understanding of the design and conduct of homework assignments, homework completion, and…

This report discusses theories that contribute to an understanding of how schools and families interact. Shortcomings of these theories are examined, and the essential components of a new theoretical model are presented. Current theoretical perspectives on school-family relations focus on separate, shared, or sequential responsibilities of…

Structures that schools can change to produce more positive effects on student learning and development are referred to in this report as TARGET (Tasks, Rewards, Grouping, Evaluation, and Time) structures. The first of two chapters, "Effective Schools or Effective Students: Dealing with Diversity", stresses the need for including in the current…

The articles of this special edition on education and development in adolescence share some common themes, raise points for debate, and offer new research ideas. Common themes emphasize the following: (1) diversity among adolescents; (2) simultaneity of multiple forms of development; and (3) multiple environmental influences on adolescents. (SLD)

This paper examines the selection and influence of friends in schools which differ in the degree of "openness" in the instructional program. Data collected from over 4,000 students in grades 5, 6, 8, and 11 in 1973 and 1974 provide information on student characteristics, school structure and processes, and academic and affective outcomes for…

Explores the opportunities and problems inherent in the working relationship between sociologists and educators. Examines the ways that educational sociologists can participate in linking research, policy, and practice. Posits three requirements for productive collaboration between educators and sociologists: multilingualism, mutual programs, and…