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Peer reviewedWillson, Victor L. – Evaluation and Program Planning: An International Journal, 1981
It is argued that time generalizability exists independent of population and situation generalizability, although the three may interact. Problems associated with sampling and randomization efficacy over time are discussed. (Author/GK)
Descriptors: Generalization, Research Design, Research Problems, Sampling
Download full textWillson, Victor L. – 1986
Methodological deficiencies inherent in expert-novice reading research make it impossible to draw inferences about curriculum change. First, comparisons of intact groups are often used as a basis for making causal inferences about how observed characteristics affect behaviors. While comparing different groups is not by itself a useless activity,…
Descriptors: Evaluation Problems, Reading Research, Research Methodology, Research Problems
Peer reviewedWillson, Victor L.; Putnam, Richard R. – American Educational Research Journal, 1982
A meta-analysis of outcomes from 32 studies investigating pretest effects was conducted. For all outcomes the average effect size was +.22, indicating an elevating effect of pretest on posttest. Duration of time between pre- and posttesting was also related to effect size. Researchers should continue to include pretest as a design variable.…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Predictor Variables, Pretests Posttests, Research Design
Peer reviewedWillson, Victor L. – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1990
The use of the expert-novice technique in science education is examined critically. Discussed are four techniques including their methodological limitations. Improvements and alternatives in experimental design are suggested. (Author/CW)
Descriptors: College Science, Higher Education, Learning Strategies, Problem Solving
Willson, Victor L.; And Others – 1982
Given the complexity of classroom reading observations, maintenance of measurement reliability is a concern to researchers. Sources of variation contributing to the unreliability of many measurements may be either (1) lasting and specific, (2) lasting and general, (3) temporary and specific, or (4) temporary and general. Lasting-specific sources…
Descriptors: Classroom Communication, Classroom Observation Techniques, Data Collection, Error of Measurement
Willson, Victor L. – 1982
The current state of usage of regression models in analysis of variance (ANOVA) designs is empirically examined, and examples of several statistical errors made in usage are presented. The assumptions of the general linear model are that all predictors are known without error of measurement and are fixed with no replication or sample variation; in…
Descriptors: Analysis of Covariance, Analysis of Variance, Error of Measurement, Generalization
Peer reviewedWillson, Victor L. – Reading Psychology, 1987
Examines the methodological procedures of expert systems being used in reading research. Identifies four methodological techniques: (1) intact group comparisons, think-aloud protocols, retrospective analysis, and naturalistic inquiry. Notes internal validity threats for each type, and recommends longitudinal descriptive studies on poor readers to…
Descriptors: Cognitive Psychology, Comparative Analysis, Curriculum Evaluation, Expert Systems
