In this paper we make a case for 'Little Data', which is real-time, self-collected, idiosyncratic datasets maintained by individuals about themselves on myriad topics. We develop and offer a methodology for combining these messy, highly personal insights, to make deductive observations about collective practices. In testing this approach, we use…

A number of studies have used mindfulness-based interventions to influence the behavior of people with intellectual disabilities, to improve their quality of life, and to reduce challenging behavior. The present review critically evaluates 18 studies and assesses the clinical and academic impact of their findings. Strengths identified included…

The Daily Behavior Report Card is an intervention showing promise in various formats and in multiple settings. A meta-analysis evaluated the size of effects obtained from Daily Behavior Report Card interventions within single case research designs, investigating six potential moderators of treatment effects: student age, target behavior,…

The author enumerates some criticisms of contingency management research that have been raised and reviews some studies of contingency management in order to clarify the strategy and tactics being followed and point out ways in which investigators have fallen short of their own criteria for sound research and valid conclusions." (Author/AA)

The question of whether it is the subject or the investigator who is deceived is discussed relative to McFall's study on the effect of self monitoring on smoking behavior. Perhaps the results should be evaluated by the subject rather than by the investigator. (KJ)

This paper discusses some methodological, clinical and theoretical issues in the use of self observation raised in an experiment by McFall. (Author)

Presents rationales for the increased use of sequential analyses of language variables in psychotherapy, including this strategy's special applicability in process investigations, its potential for specifying influence patterns, and its ability to produce findings pertinent to the practicing clinician. Replicable single-case studies, utilizing…

This commentary responds to a critique (EC 610 642) of a study on professional acceptability of various treatment procedures for challenging behaviors exhibited by individuals with disabilities. The commentary asserts that treatment options should be evaluated in terms of probability of success, time factors, distress caused by the procedure, and…

This paper reviews research on the relative utility of self-efficacy expectancy, outcome expectancy, and outcome value in explaining and predicting therapeutic behavior change. It proposes that these three cognitive mediators are basic factors in psychological and behavioral problems and in psychotherapy process, that they are logically…

In the past few years, teacher training materials on behavior modification have emphasized precise behavioral measurement, and much classroom research has focused on the measurement of academic performance. The most common and simplest recording procedure advocated is frequency count. Difficulties can arise, however, when attempts are made to…

Presents a rationale for developing a social psychology of computing, and provides some historical background on research concerned with the impact of technology on behavior. Describes the articles in this issue, which are said to suggest, as a whole, that computer technology amplifies existing social conditions. (KH)

Discussion of how a simulation developer or administrator can prepare players to cope with a simulation without biasing the players. (Author)

Assumptions of applied behavior analysis are presented: (1) good practice should be good research; (2) behavioral goals, procedures, and effects should be socially validated; and (3) a systems perspective should be adopted when focusing on behavior analysis and intervention. (Author/JAC)

Inmates engaged in a televised instructional program (n=360) had significantly lower recidivism than nonparticipants. No differences in behavior as measured by disciplinary actions were found. Because of uncontrolled variables (employment and educational level), causal inferences could not be made. (SK)

Evaluation data frequently do not confirm program administrators' and recipients' perceptions of benefits; positive perceptions will occur without regard to actual behavioral and cognitive social psychological theory. Implications are drawn for program planning and for evaluation methodology. (Author/CTM)