The following review focuses on specific problems in the area of rehabilitation research utilization, the proposed solutions to these problems, and some suggestions concerning the general directions that future research endeavors might take. (Author)

The central failure of conventional, or positivistic inquiry has been the inability to handle deception in research and the violation of societal ethics, moral and legal caused by such deception. Moral dimensions include tests for whether the research would be approved by reasonable persons, whether it might pass the test of publicity, and whether…

The family is an obvious group for whom problem solving effectiveness holds importance. Problem solving interaction refers to the manner in which the behavior of family members is organized to resolve situations in which there is an unachieved but attainable goal, and the means to overcoming the barriers to achieving the goal are not apparent, but…

Reported in this paper are the findings of five meta-analyses assessing the relationships among children's interpersonal cognitive problem-solving (ICPS) skills, training, and behavioral adjustment. Five hypotheses were examined: (1) Adjusted children score higher on ICPS measures than do nonadjusted children; (2) Children trained in ICPS skills…

Reasons dropouts offer for withdrawal from college and differences between respondents and nonrespondents to a followup questionnaire were studied. During the spring 1980 semester, freshmen and sophomores completed a questionnaire describing their background and college experiences. A total of 156 dropouts (those who did not complete courses…

Program impact methodology--usually referred to as evaluation research--is described as it is developing in the United States. Several problems face the field of evaluation research. First, those issues grouped as "meta-scientific" include: (1) the distinction between qualitative and quantitative studies; (2) the separation of implementation and…

Research suggests that when subjects are given a rule as to how to translate auditory or verbal information into images, the images have many common characteristics with cognitive representations derived from visual perceptions. This experiment examined the process of cognitive integration and the similarities and differences between how imagined…

Literature reviews dealing with psychotherapy and counseling too often conclude that no conclusions can be drawn. However, a critique of the literature on covert sensitization (CS) may offer clarifications of these apparently contradictory remarks. Research studies (N=84) were categorized by problem types, method used in the investigation, method…

Intended to aid media and other technical specialists who lack training in ethnographic research to understand what ethnography is, what ethnographers do, and how they, the media specialists, can be of most assistance when working on a team conducting such research, this paper discusses the nature of ethnographic research and issues involved in…

IN NOVEMBER 1966 A CONFERENCE WAS HELD TO (1) EXCHANGE INFORMATION ABOUT ONGOING AND PLANNED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES IN IOWA, MINNESOTA, NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, AND WISCONSIN, (2) EXPLORE OPPORTUNITIES FOR COORDINATING ACTIVITIES, (3) DEVELOP A PRIORITY LIST OF CURRENT SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS IN THE REGION, (4) SELECT A HIGH-PRIORITY…

RESEARCH IN THE LEARNING, MOTIVATION, AND PERCEPTION OF MENTAL RETARDATES IS ESSENTIAL TO AN UNDERSTANDING OF THEIR BEHAVIOR AND OF THEIR ABILITIES. MANY INVESTIGATORS HAVE USED THE PROBLEMS AND DESIGNS OF RESEARCH WITH LOWER ANIMALS IN STUDYING THE BEHAVIOR OF HUMAN RETARDATES. IT IS QUESTIONABLE THAT SUCH ORIENTATION WILL REALLY ADD TO THE…

In his paper, the author contends that ethnic minority groups must use the "weapon of research" to answer some of the unanswered questions in vocational education and to give guidance toward future corrections of these problems. But the topic is emotionally charged, as intensive research in the past has generated resentment among minorities. The…

This monograph summarizes the results of two mini-conference discussions on the general topic, evaluation of career education. It addresses three major points: (1) Problems involved in evaluation of career education, i.e., instrumentation, expectation, concept implementation, and perceived personal benefit, (2) examples of evaluation approaches…

Feedback is discussed in relation to measuring the change process, a three-step procedure of dialogue, decision-making, and action-taking. Measurement problems resulting from feedback are presented. (AG)