This paper identifies major theories prevalent in recent feminist scholarship, discusses biases inherent in these theories, and offers an original theoretical explanation for women's social and economic status. The major objective is to contribute to the body of feminist thought by exposing the biased conceptual tools used by many researchers to…

Endler, Ruchton, and Roediger's (1979) method of obtaining exact publication counts for individual psychologists in order to make ratings of psychology departments was evaluated. Using the 1975 "Social Science Citation Index" (SSCI) as a data base, Endler et al. ranked departments on total citation and total publication counts.…

Noting that one reason for the discrepant results found in research on reading difficulties is the variety of approaches used to assess reading and spelling problems, this paper examines two of these approaches in terms of their implicit assumptions and inherent failings. The paper first discusses the etiological approach, which tries to identify…

In addition to problems of instrument selection and interpretation and problems associated with sampling procedures, psychologists' person-blame interpretations of social problems (interpretations that call for change in individuals and ignore needs for systemic change) and gender beliefs (such as assumptions about women and motherhood, men and…

This presentation outlines a perspective on job analysis and comments on research reported at a symposium with reference to that perspective. The perspective discusses two questions pertaining to job analysis that are referred to as the Stage I and Stage II evaluation operations: What should be done? and How well was it done? Stage I evaluation is…

Age and cognitive developmental level were used as independent variables in order to assess their relative effects on the number and kinds of self-referent constructs used by children and adolescents. Fifty-four 8-year-olds, sixty-four 12-year-olds, and forty-six 16-year-olds were recruited from their respective third, seventh, and eleventh grades…

Research data on ability grouping collected from the 1920s on, with particular emphasis on the last two decades, are summarized. This review of the literature was originally intended to follow meta-analysis procedures, but that type of analysis had to be abandoned because only 11 of the 20 research studies published in the 1920s used any form of…

Experiences in developing and evaluating a parent group program for new parents are related and problems and strategies for future programs supporting new parents are discussed. The Family Development Parenting Groups (FDPGs) developed in Nashville are also described. Meeting in the infant's second or third month for six weekly and then four…

Described in this report are factors which affect and/or limit urban educational research and dimensions of cities which should be considered in making social and organizational research in urban education more relevant. Some of these considerations are learning, institutional and management deficits, the lack of a total systems perspective on the…

Advertising and society courses have suffered from conflicting educational goals, superficial scholarly research, and a lack of critical intellectual perspectives. The institutional perspective on advertising research has the major strength that it elucidates structural and functional factors of advertising. However, it ignores cultural…

In modal training studies, the comparative groups differ in the use of a particular cognitive process; training to overcome the deficiency is provided for the deficient group only, and their performance is then compared to the standard set by the untrained group. Improvements are necessary in the design of training studies, as are a…

SINCE THE 19TH CENTURY, KYMOGRAPHIC RECORDING OF TOTAL AIR FLOW OUT OF THE MOUTH HAS BEEN USED TO DIAGNOSE THE VARYING DURATIONS AND DEGREES OF CONSTRICTIONS OF THE VOCAL TRACT DURING SPEECH. THE PRESENT PROJECT ATTEMPTS TO INTRODUCE A SECOND DIMENSION TO RECORDINGS OF AIR FLOW OUT OF THE MOUTH--NAMELY, CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF FLOW--ON THE…

A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED OF NINE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION SUMMER SCIENCE PROGRAMS FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS DURING THE SUMMER OF 1961. THE TYPES OF SUMMER PROGRAMS STUDIED WERE THE ACADEMIC TYPE AND THE RESEARCH-PARTICIPATION TYPE. IN THE ACADEMIC-TYPE PROGRAMS, THE STUDENTS RECEIVED AN ADVANCED TREATMENT OF SUBJECT MATTER AND LABORATORY EXERCISES,…

ACTION AND PLANS OF THE MADISON PROJECT TO GIVE RATIONAL GUIDANCE TO EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES IN SCHOOL MATHEMATICS ARE DESCRIBED. THE PROJECT ATTEMPTS TO CONTRIBUTE TO RATIONAL GUIDANCE OF EDUCATIONAL EVOLUTION BY MAKING "THRUSTS AND PROBES" INTO THE UNKNOWN POTENTIAL OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING. EXAMPLES ARE--INTRODUCING THE ARITHMETIC OF…

Modern reading theories that are concerned with the reading process of either mature or immature readers show no clearcut concern with unit size. The various graphic units that are encountered by the reader include letters, graphemes, clusters (such as blends), syllables, phonograms, affixes and roots, words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs,…