Reviews "On Claims That Answer the Wrong Questions" (James Greeno, 1997) that argues differences between situative and cognitive views of learning are more conceptual than empirical and suggests a need for something greater than empirical evidence to assess the relative worth between these competing perspectives. Additionally reviewed is…

Argues the differences between situative and cognitive views of learning, as proposed by J. R. Anderson et al. (1996), are more conceptual than empirical. It clarifies these differences by inferring questions to which the Anderson discussion provided answers, identifies presuppositions of those questions, and states the different presuppositions…

Argues that the cognitive methodology has delivered real educational applications in a way that the situative methodology has not, and fundamentally can not, and suggests these two approaches should be judged by their abilities to improve education. It addresses each of J. G. Greeno's (1997) criticisms of the situative perspective and argues…

This article discusses a workshop that explored research barriers in early intervention for children with autism in the United Kingdom. Following a summary of presentations, recommendations are made for the research agenda, basic research design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of tests, improving statistical power, and a research…

A response is presented to commentaries (EC 232 375-377) on two papers (EC 232 373 and EC 232 374), focusing on research methodology on stuttering, the impact of improving intrajudge and interjudge agreement, the importance of studying stuttering as a private experience rather than an acoustical event, and speakers' experience of loss of control…

Criticizes the large amount of often irrelevant, poorly designed, and poorly written quantitative journalism research. Notes that journalism education and mass communication education research published in scholarly journals is largely ignored by professional journalists, who find more value in the qualitative research reported in the journalism…

Proposes directions to help researchers balance instructional technology goals with the performance of well-designed and scientifically sound studies. Issues concerning the external validity of studies, use of media replications, and learner control as a means of adapting instructional strategies to individuals are emphasized, and designs for…

Discusses conflicting interpretations of results from contrasts of poor and normal readers matched either for chronological age (CA) or reading level (RL). Argues that the outcomes from RL-matched designs or from RL- and CA-matched designs in combination should be interpreted within a broad theoretical and empirical context. (RS)

Arguing that reliable and valid dropout rate estimates are prerequisite to establishment of causal factors and intervention programs, this article examines differences in definitions of dropouts, computational methods, and the complexities in defining cohorts, as well as the importance of sample attrition. Several sources of error are discussed.…

Introduces the special issue on minority children and briefly discusses what it means to be a member of a minority group in the United States. (PCB)

Reviews evidence of sex bias in job evaluation judgments and analyzes research methods used to study the issue. Explores the following types of bias: (1) direct; (2) indirect; and (3) sex of rater. Findings indicate evidence of indirect bias, showing that high paying jobs tend to be evaluated higher than those with low pay. (JS)

Explores the possibility that the lesbian or gay experience in contemporary American society might furnish a standpoint for generating new knowledge in psychology. Considers the following elements that define lesbians' or gay men's ways of knowing and experiencing the world: (1) biculturalism; (2) marginality; and (3) normative creativity. (JS)

This description of the author's research (an ethnographic case study of an adult education center) is used to illustrate the difficulties and divisions between work-based practitioners and university researchers. Other issues include the influence of equal opportunity considerations, ethics and collaborative research, and participant observation…

If education is to halt the ever-swinging pendulum and make significant progress in student achievement, it must first change the ground rules for selecting, implementing, evaluating, and institutionalizing innovations like Hunter's model. This article proposes steps for providing an infrastructure capable of promoting lasting and beneficial…

Explores what it means to do research intended to be relevant for public policy. Argues against perception of policy research as politically neutral technical exercise. Discusses political implications of methodology. Discusses research examples to illustrate point. Discusses implications for how research might be used in political process.…