Internet and social media research has created new methodological opportunities for educational and social sciences, but also new ethical challenges. In many ways, current research ethics guidelines and legislation are still limited and provisional. In this chapter, we address ethical considerations emerging from a research project based on a…

This investigation tested the hypothesis that the probabilistic structure underlying psychotherapy interviews is Markovian. The "goodness of fit" of a first-order Markov chain model to actual therapy interviews was assessed using a x squared test of homogeneity, and by generating by Monte Carlo methods empirical sampling distributions of…

The present study focuses on multiple dimensions of face-to-face marriage interaction as the basis for identifying patterns or "types" of couple relating. The research assumes that it is possible to classify marriage relationships by criteria which are objective enough to allow replication and concensus. Particular emphasis is placed on the…

This study examines the impact of one important task characteristic for the process by which groups solve problems. The principal comparison is between a generative problem and a choice task, and whether or not the differences between these types of tasks affect the group's methods for arriving at a decision. Two types of analysis are conducted of…

In a recent article Jensen proposed the existence of what was termed the sex x race x ability interaction in which the differences in mental ability between the black sexes were larger than the corresponding differences among whites. Three large sources of data that were analyzed failed to reveal the interaction. Since Jensen's own work suggested…

Data show that giving information to members of a group is more important in determining the perception by others that the person is facilitating group performance. Asking for information and opinions is more important in actual facilitation of group learning. Social-emotional support becomes important after initial phases of group interaction.…

Confirms that leadership variables are the most potent determinants of group effectiveness. Anglo female leaders are most effective although sex is not the basic determinant. Language is an influential variable. Group effectiveness is not dependent on cultural matching of members and leaders. (Author/BEF)

Seventy-nine members of several types of groups responded to questionnaires which detailed their goals and self-perceptions, and their expectations and perceptions of group leadership, norms, methods, and atmosphere. The questionnaires were administered near the beginning and again at the end (posttest N=69) of the group experience. The groups…

The effects of an instigator's and a respondent's disclosure on impressions of the revealing respondent were examined in a pair of experiments. The first experiment assessed the effects of both own and other's disclosure on a participant perceiver. After meeting a confederate partner, female undergraduate subjects (N=83) were induced to make an…

Subjects read discussion group transcripts and evaluated the performance of group members, the group leader, and the group as a whole. Discussants' names were varied to represent male or female leadership and all-male, all-female or half-and-half group membership. The data supported two of the three coping strategies postulated as alternatives to…

The effects of first-session interviewer self-disclosures that differed in three levels of intimacy--low, medium and high--and three kinds of temporal focus--historical (past tense and external to the interview process), current (present tense and external to the interview process), and existential in which the interviewer disclosed immediate…

Male and female subjects identified as very attractive or very unattractive worked in an interview-like situation with a listener of the opposite sex who was presented so as to maximize or minimize his or her natural attractiveness. Intimacy of self-disclosure was found to be significantly greater for females than for males, significantly greater…

This paper attempts to contribute an original approach to the study of the "anti-family movement." A more objective approach to this issue is necessary due to the preponderance of value judgements put forth by both the mass media and social scientists. The paper presents discussions on family functions, divorce, sex, and communes. The author then…

This study attempted to examine whether growth groups are an effective training technique in counselor education. Two experimental groups which differed in group size and the amount of time devoted to the group experience were compared to a control group. Improved congruence between real and ideal self was found in the students who participated in…

This is part of the Arkansas Rehabilitation and Training Center's effort to study Counselor Performance and client outcome. It examines client demography, personality variables, counselor characteristics and agency service variables, as possible predictors of client outcome in rehabilitation. Data were collected between January 1970 and December…