This manuscript describes a research project designed to examine the relative effectiveness of a two non-function-based interventions (differential reinforcement of other behavior and self- monitoring) for decreasing problem behavior in a general education classroom for three students whose problem behaviors were hypothesized to be functionally…

Reports on a state-wide guidance accountability survey. Results indicate that students do see counselors in Iowa, and that they consider counselors helpful. Areas in which students reported receiving no assistance from teachers, counselors, or principals are also reviewed. (Author/PC)

Although general counselor characteristics are related to positive client outcomes, an examination of counselor behaviors which may be more specific to the counseling situation is necessary. Discussed here are two variables specific to the counseling situation: (1) counselor immediacy, the degree to which the counselor ignores or explores client…

Client evaluations of a precollege counseling interview were obtained for black and white students counseled by three experienced black counselors and eight experienced white counselors. In general, racial similarity of client and counselor is not an important factor in these counseling interviews. (Author)

Prior to beginning therapy, 88 children (ages 6-12) participated in either a therapy preparation interview or a social history interview that was irrelevant to therapy. It was found that prepared clients were less likely to terminate therapy prematurely. (Author)

Both volunteer and nonvolunteer subjects were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. In the choice condition, subjects were led to believe that they had a choice, and in the second condition subjects were denied the choice of treatment. Volunteer subjects who were given a choice significantly valued the treatment more. (Author)

A cross-sectional analysis of the data, stratified by length of time between case closure and follow-up, supported the conclusion that rehabilitation counseling has a lasting impact on the work adjustment of the client. (Author)

Contrary to the assumptions made by researchers in the area, the levels of empathy and specificity were significantly lower in supervision than in counseling. The differences found were discussed in terms of their implications for the teaching and learning of psychotherapy. (Author)

Results of the present investigation, together with previous data provided by Eberdt (1970) and Jansen, Robb, and Bonk (1972), suggest that clergymen who seek specialized counseling training in secular settings are, as a group, a different breed than nonclergymen who enter such programs. Clergymen also work in a role and framework considerably…

This study compared two sets of ratings made under different experimental conditions with each other and with a predefined criterion of accuracy. The data indicated that informed raters were significantly more accurate in their ratings than noninformed raters and significant discrepancies occurred at the higher scale points of the Accurate Empathy…

Hypotheses concerning clergymen's enjoyment of their pastoral contacts with older parishioners are examined. The hypotheses test the ideas that ministers do not enjoy pastoral contacts with the elderly and that these contacts reflect the clergymen's ageist preferences and concern with instrumental over expressive values. Results are discussed.…

Anonymous respondents to a university counseling service survey reported fewer positive changes for the time period between initial and final contact than identified respondents did. (Author/BP)

Case service expenditures for psychological evaluation and counseling and for training were organized into three differential service patterns. The Randomized Block Design was employed as the research strategy to investigate the effects of these service patterns on client outcome. Interclient variability was significantly diminished by client…

Repressors and sensitizers completed the Jourard Self-Disclosure Questionnaire and a Dimensions of Psychotherapy Rating Form to assess effects of defensive orientation on expectations for a psychotherapy relationship. Results are discussed within the framework of repressing and sensitizing defensive styles. (Author)

Study involved attempts to improve upon the Counseling Readiness Scales by the empirical development of correction keys using the remaining items from the Adjective Check List. This effort was successful as far as improved discrimination between both male and female true negatives and false negatives. (Author)