This article examines dynamics of knowledge production and discourses of basic-applied science and relevance at the Swedish Institute for Surface Chemistry, a semi-public industrially oriented research institute, from 1980 to 2005. We employ a three-pronged method, consisting of (1) an analysis of how the institute articulated its research…

This document provides a concise overview of current and historical interrelationships and patterns of national scientific and engineering resources. Major points of the report are: (1) research and development (R&D) expenditures in the U.S. are expected to reach $28.0 billion in 1972; (2) total R&D spending is estimated to rise 4.3% between 1971…

The budgets of several English research laboratories for at least eight consecutive years were examined to obtain an estimate of the rate of change of cost per scientist. Trends were considered separately for wages, buildings and equipment. The largest real-price growth rates per scientist were in major equipment costs, with increases of up to 20…

Presents a series of tables outlining college and university expenditures for research and development (R&D) over the last 10 years. Tables include sources of university R&D funds, character and fields of R&D spending, areas of federally financed R&D, and others. (GS)

Presents a series of tables outlining federal obligations for research and development (R&D) for 1980 and compares these with preceeding years through 1976. Tables include comparisons of obligations among federal agencies, among scientific disciplines, between basic research and applied research, and others. (GS)

Presents tables outlining chemical industry expenditures for research and development (R&D) over the last 10 years. Tables include federal support for industrial R&D, comparisons of chemical R&D with other industries, expenditures by major chemical firms, R&D by U.S. companies abroad, drug related R&D, and others. (GS)

Analyzes current trends in national research and development (R&D) spending. Presents data on the percent of federal v nonfederal monies; dollar amounts committed by the federal government, industry, universities and nonprofit institutions; performers of R&D; dollar amounts adjusted for inflation; and numbers of employed scientists and engineers.…

Presented is a case study of several scientific communities which used a computerized conferencing system (Electronic Information Exchange System--EIES) for a period of two years to enhance their communications and carry out cooperative tasks. Though it focuses on one particular system, it was designed to yield some data that make possible direct…

The findings and 13 recommendations of a NSF Advisory Council task force that evaluated universities as centers of basic research are presented. Listed are the major strengths of universities as centers for basic research (including continuity and tradition, freedom of research, interactions among disciplines) and such threats to their viability…

Recent and anticipated declines in openings for new science and engineering faculty are examined, along with recommendations for national policies to counteract this. It is suggested that the decline stems from two key sources: an absence of growth in total faculty size, and low rates of retirement among present tenured faculty. The extent of the…

Based on an American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) symposium, this book examines the future of academic research in light of the following: (1) direct funds for basic science had increased for 4 to 5 years, and nonbudget items (i.e., declining enrollments) had become of increasing concern; (2) the Sloan Commission on Government…

The problematic nature of research in the teaching of foreign languages discloses fundamental areas of concern, particularly related to secondary school teacher attitudes. Comments of leading researchers concerning the nature of research, purpose and design, responsibility for generation of research, and the use of research are cited extensively.…