Traces the development of tribally controlled community colleges on American Indian reservations. Describes the problems of perennially inadequate funding. Discusses culturally appropriate curricula and programs offered at tribal colleges, and their success reflected in the increasing numbers of graduates who pursue higher degrees. (SV)

A contemporary ethnographic account of the social organization of the Okanagan of British Columbia, written by Peter Carstens, differs strikingly from three accounts published 1900-39 by Teit, Walters, and Ray. Ethnography is affected by personal bias and ideology, particularly when attempting to understand otherness. (Author/SV)

A study in seven Quebec First Nations communities determined per-pupil expenditures on education, excess costs of special education, and unmet special needs; developed five funding formulas for special education; and estimated their potential impact on First Nations communities locally and across Canada. Total special education costs were high…

Accountability for Indian education must be shared among the chiefs and their councils, the Indian leaders at all levels, parents and students. This may be accomplished by Indian control of Indian education. Available from: Department of Educational Foundations, 5-109 Education North, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2G5. (ERB)

Largely English-speaking female (31) and male (29) students in grades 10-12, ages 15 to 20, with grade point averages from 50 to over 65, in a Native-controlled school, answered questionnaires related to academic success, job interests, travel, off-reserve experiences, and spare time activities (reading, television viewing). (MH)