The discussion traces the evolution of the concept of community-based care from a medically-oriented and administered model, to a psychologically-based rehabilitation paradigm, to the present emphasis on independent living. The current status of the "deinstitutionalizing" process in the United States and in Queensland (Australia) is surveyed.…

Significant issues from the normalization literature are appraised, misinterpretations discussed, and the normalization formulations' theoretical status considered. It is found that there are no comprehensive theoretical prepositions or substantial empirical evidence which offer serious challenges to normalization of the disabled. (Author/SW)

The article describes the Eden Family of Programs (New Jersey) for persons with autism which range from temporary summer respite care services to full-time group homes. Noted are the program's history, participants, staff, schedules, programs, normalization, human rights, administration, and trustees. (DB)

The development of Systems Unlimited is summarized; a normalization program that provides community residential living for moderately to severely handicapped individuals, who usually were institutionalized. (Author/BD)

Available from: Canadian Association for the Mentally Retarded, Kinsmen National Institute on Mental Retardation Building, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Downsview, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada. A plan developed by the Metropolitan Toronto Association for the Mentally Retarded to foster apartment living in the community for mentally handicapped…

The history of residential care for persons with autism and other developmental disabilities is summarized for the past 200 years. Residential trends toward community integration in the past three decades are traced for autism in general and for the Murdoch Center in North Carolina. Possible negative side effects of current trends are identified.…

The mother of two handicapped children in Canada describes her family's decision to take her six-year-old out of an institutional program and bring her home to participate fully in family and community activities. (DB)

The five-year Pennhurst Longitudinal Study documented effects of court ordered closure of a large institution for the mentally handicapped in Pennsylvania. Findings included that the vast majority of residents had moved to community living arrangements and that deinstitutionalized residents functioned at a higher level than similar residents who…

The book reviews trends and developments in residential services for mentally handicapped persons. The first section deals with basic changes in the number of institutionalized residents (including detailed statistics on numbers and costs per patient for each state), the origin and nature of institutionalized models (architectural and historical…

Fifty significant figures in the field of mental retardation in Australia were sampled by means of a Three Round Delphi probe on their opinions of future residential services for mentally retarded persons in Australia. Changes predicted significant departures from historical and current practices. (Author/CL)

This preliminary study of the Neighborhood Living Project summarizes daily counts of integration activities for 50 mentally retarded residents from 8 supported living sites over an average of 2 years. Integration opportunities varied as a function of where the resident lived but not of level of mental retardation or number of disabilities.…

Thirty adults who had no experience with mental retardation rated slides of residential settings as to their "home-likeness." Of 26 features of living rooms studied, furniture position, lighting type, and lighting flexibility were highly correlated with home-likeness, whereas building code-specific features and seating type were minimally related…

The paper presents the community-based satellite system as a residential and program model to effect deinstitutionalization of mentally retarded young adults in urban centers worldwide. The system is reported to consist of a large, central educational facility surrounded by a series of small houses and apartment units (satellites). Benefits of…

This report begins with discussion of several issues in the field of quality assurance in residential services for individuals with developmental disabilities. The issues include definitions of key terms, the role of ideology, major types of quality assurance, and dimensions of quality assurance. The report takes the position that primary values…

Described are services provided for developmentally disabled adults in the Clausen House system, a community residential facility in California. It is explained that the model is designed for a central program facility with smaller "satellite" houses surrounding it. Reviewed are such program elements as curricula areas for independent…