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Direct linkUrcuioli, Peter J.; Vu, Kim-Phuong L.; Proctor, Robert W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2005
Pigeons pecked left versus right keys contingent upon the color presented at 1 of those locations. Spatial-response latencies were shorter when the color appeared at the same location as the required response than at the opposite location. This Simon effect occurred when the stimulus on the alternative key was constant, varied from trial to trial,…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Probability, Experimental Psychology, Reinforcement
Peer reviewedMaier, Steven F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 1977
In his comment, Black (AA 526 155) argued that Maier and Seligman (EJ 138 911) incorrectly interpreted competing motor response explanations of the learned helplessness effect. Here, it is argued that no article that has proposed a competing motor response explanation of the learned helplessness effect has alluded to a mechanism similar to the one…
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Critical Thinking, Experimental Psychology, Hypothesis Testing
Peer reviewedBlack, Abraham H. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 1977
Comments on Maier and Seligman's research (EJ 138 911) on learned helplessness, specifically on their analysis of alternatives to the learned helplessness hypothesis. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Critical Thinking, Experimental Psychology, Hypothesis Testing
