Active avoidance (AA) is an important paradigm for studying mechanisms of aversive instrumental learning, pathological anxiety, and active coping. Unfortunately, AA neurocircuits are poorly understood, partly because behavior is highly variable and reflects a competition between Pavlovian reactions and instrumental actions. Here we exploited the…

On the basis of a three-year research project on the social-psychological aspects of divorce, characteristic patterns of individual and marital coping response to the stresses of divorce are described. Implications for clinical practice are discussed. (Author)

Examines the role of communication and denial in coping efforts of children with cancer. Results indicate level of family communication about cancer expressed by mother's communication is correlated with hypothesized responses in child. Usefulness of three instruments as effective tools in measuring child's reactions is demonstrated. (Author/BEF)

The conflict theory of decision making was examined by testing a conflict model which differentiated among three basic coping patterns in response to decisional conflict, i.e., defensive avoidance, panic, and vigilance. Male college students (N=53) were administered two decisional problems, "The Changing Work Procedures Case" and…

This book provides an overview of recent ideas and research on faculty stress and presents plans of action for stress reduction. Self-assessment instruments, schematic models, and exercises are used throughout the text to assist in understanding, internalizing, and applying the key concepts of stress management. Chapter 1, "Check Your Stress…

The personal effects of racial discrimination were studied through the responses of 50 adolescents enrolled in a precollege summer program to hypothetical scenarios. Half of the participants were female, 2 were European American, 8 Asian American, 21 African American, and 19 Latino. Expected response categories derived from the work of J. Feagin…

This paper discusses the concept of stress by drawing from social-psychological, occupational, family, and medical perspectives. A model of stress based on an integration of these perspectives is developed and then applied to the family relationship over time. The components of the model consist of: (1) a stressor stimulus, any situation that may…

Systematic investigations have verified the existence of a number of behavioral manifestations of the "Type A" behavior pattern. For example, brief exposure to salient uncontrollable stress has led to enhanced performance by Type A's on a subsequent task, whereas prolonged exposure has lead to performance deterioration. The ongoing experiences of…

Feelings and attitudes were investigated among family members with mentally ill relatives whose treatment delivery system was being "deinstitutionalized" or moved from hospital-based treatment to community-based treatment. Subjects (N=125) were interviewed at home by either mental health professionals or professional interviewers. Results…