Agricultural education's most pressing issue is a lack of qualified classroom teachers. In 2020-2021, 30 states reported the loss of over 70 agricultural education positions, with many schools closing these positions due to inadequate staffing. Furthermore, in 2021-2022, there were 1,680 agricultural education vacancies nationwide and only 789…

Swiss society is ageing. At the same time, life expectancy is increasing. With most workers retiring around age 65, time in retirement is growing and the ratio of retirees to employees is set to soar. These developments bring a range of opportunities but will likely weigh on growth in GDP per capita and increase public spending. They may also…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to introduce the key themes in the area of the impact of demographic change on young workers and older workers in relation to education, skills and employment, as discussed in the papers included in this section. The authors have also drawn upon data from their project "From Young Workers to Older…

What is an emeritus professor? The emeritus role means different things at different colleges and universities, but generally it has an elusive, ambiguous quality. It may simply mean that a professor has retired with an honorific title acknowledging many years of service to an institution. Or it may mean that a senior professor has transitioned to…

A survey instrument was developed entitled the "Adult (age 50-75) Career Development Survey" (ACDS) to provide an empirical foundation for understanding the current needs of individuals age 50-75 and learning about their attitudes toward, willingness to, and experience in using career counseling and technology in making decisions on…

The current study proposes that personal need fulfillment (relatedness, generativity, identity, growth, and finances) predicts early and late retirement intentions. The personal needs of 160 full-time older employees were measured by personal goals, job satisfactions, job characteristics, and intrinsic motivation. Results suggest that the personal…

With life expectancy increasing, and changes to public policy aimed at encouraging older workers to stay in the workforce, the conditions under which people decide to retire have changed in recent years. This report describes the characteristics of those who continue to work beyond the age of 65. The findings show that two groups of workers, in…

This article investigates the factors influencing the motivation to continue working after retirement among a sample of Dutch teachers. Based on previous research, it was proposed that teachers will be motivated to work after their legal retirement age when organizational support, possibilities to change work roles and financial needs are high.…

Problems associated with school violence include higher than average teacher turnover, increased student dropout rates, students changing schools, and principals/teachers retiring early. There are 19 strategies offered that might reduce school violence.

Analyzes Retirement History Study (RHS) data that shows how retirement plans of older male workers were affected by unanticipated events (Social Security increases, personal health problems, and recession) from 1969 through 1979. Supports Congress's decision to defer certain legislative change provisions until the turn of the century. (Author/CH)

Based on several tables of working life, the article provides some basic perspectives on major labor market developments for men and is intended to provide a background for the study of training and retraining needs in our modern industrial society. Among the developments discussed were: (1) Work life expectancy declined by one-half year between…

This paper discusses the underlying economic forces present in our current pension system which are responsible for the drastic change in lifetime work patterns. It then develops a policy agenda to reverse the increasing trend toward segmentation of our lives into a period of full-time work followed by complete retirement. (Author)

Interviewed retired musicians of one large symphony orchestra. Found respondents had had long careers, with retirement sometimes occurring after age 70. Older players felt valued for their experience and expertise; obsolescence was not a problem. Although respondents reported liking their careers, few continued to play seriously after retirement.…

In the future American society may move away from its present structure of work and then retirement toward a blending of work, leisure, and education throughout life. (JD)

Early retirement programs offer individuals an alternative to the work ethic while allowing them to maintain job security. Examples are given of several early, partial, and phased retirement programs currently being used in universities and public school systems. (DF)