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Ohlsson, Stellan – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2016
The ideas behind the constraint-based modeling (CBM) approach to the design of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) grew out of attempts in the 1980's to clarify how declarative and procedural knowledge interact during skill acquisition. The learning theory that underpins CBM was based on two conceptual innovations. The first innovation was to…
Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Models, Learning Theories
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Sidenvall, Johan; Lithner, Johan; Jäder, Jonas – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2015
This study reports on an analysis of students' textbook task-solving in Swedish upper secondary school. The relation between types of mathematical reasoning required, used, and the rate of correct task solutions were studied. Rote learning and superficial reasoning were common, and 80% of all attempted tasks were correctly solved using such…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Textbooks, Problem Solving, Secondary School Students