Because of lack of funds and the failure of the mass literacy campaign, the government of Indonesia has concentrated on the consolidation of literacy by organizing reading groups of neo-literates. Reading materials are obtained from all technical departments concerned with rural development. (EB)

A review of a report based upon replies from a questionnaire sent to 78 countries regarding the access of females to education in the context of rural development is presented. Rural conditions, women as agents of development, their accessibility to education, and suggested types of training are discussed. (LH)

A new system of education designed to solve problems facing rural areas in developing countries is needed. Guidelines for the rural development functional literacy systems for Upper Volta, Tanzania, China, Cuba, and Thailand are described. (BP)

In discussing Rafe-uz-Zaman's essay on adult literacy and national development (see v9, n1 of this journal), the author cites examples to support his thesis that mass literacy campaigns in predominately agricultural countries can be successful only if there is simultaneous undertaking of economic development programs focused on the rural poor. (MF)