Rural education should be targeted as a national priority as it affects urban and suburban populations with increasing directness. Policymakers, officials, and education researchers need to examine all existing programs, policies, regulations, and guidelines from the rural schools' point of view. Those elements that inhibit local initiative and…

Migration data from the Current Population Survey indicate a small population gain for rural areas during the period from 1990 to 1994. Examination of data by age, education, and poverty level suggests a reversal of the "brain drain" trend of the 1980s, as more working-age people with children and college graduates move into rural areas,…

Analysis of annual county-level migration estimates indicates that in recent decades, migrants to the rural South have persistently favored areas with specific attractions: urban access, high-tech jobs, and favorable climates. As migrants are younger and better educated than the overall population, such patterns exacerbate rural development…

Analyzes migration streams between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, 1975-93, in terms of sex, race, age, educational attainment, poverty level, and occupational status. Distinct shifts included nonmetro gains and retention of the young and better-educated during the 1970s, loss of those groups in the 1980s, and increased nonmetro population…

The model developed by Olson and reported in "Job Mobility and Migration in a High Income Rural Community" (RC 003 821) was utilized in this study of the mobility and migration in the low income, rural Shoals, Indiana, community. The data collected in this study were compared to that of the previous study and the conclusions support the usefulness…

In 1996, nonmetropolitan immigrants lived mainly in the South (37%) and West (35%) but were unevenly distributed. Over half were Mexican; 38% of naturalized citizens, and 24% of noncitizens were children. Compared to metro immigrants, nonmetro immigrants had lower educational attainment, earnings, and rates of welfare assistance and higher poverty…

Voluntarism, a concept rooted in the Puritan Ethic, is that ethos which assigns welfare functions for persons without adequate means to voluntary agencies, and voluntarism along with cultural pluralism must be curbed if exodus of the rural farm population is to be mitigated. With the exception of the Old Age and Survivor's Insurance Program, the…

A quarter of nonmetro counties lost population in the 1990s, but population loss was not related to poverty rate or low educational levels, perhaps because low-skill workers can no longer expect better wages in urban areas. Population loss was related to low population density and remoteness (which decrease access to services), lack of natural…

In Pennsylvania, high-poverty nonmetro counties are attracting additional poor immigrants, especially the least educated, at the same time that college graduates are showing a net outmigration from rural areas. This pattern increases the strain on rural educational and social services. Survey results suggest that the poor move primarily for…

In the period from 1950 to 1970, there were 298 persistent low-income (PLI) counties in the United States, but between 1970 and 1975, 43 counties left the persistent low-income status (LPLI) due to private sector influence and earnings from mining and agriculture. LPLI counties were largely located in Georgia, Arkansas, and Kentucky. Most PLI…

This book includes studies of globalization-related social changes in rural areas of the United States and other countries and implications of these studies for sociological theory. Although no chapter focuses exclusively on education, education-related themes include rural school dropouts and intergenerational poverty, the migration of rural…

A wide range of information on demographic, social, and economic trends is brought together in this report. Nineteen sections present statistical information on such topics as population trends, geographic mobility, educational attainment, fertility, poverty, blacks, Hispanics, and the elderly. Sources of data and a subject specialist who can…

This document consists of ten consecutive issues of the serial "Rural Trends and Conditions," extending from Spring 1995 through February 1999. Issues contain information and statistical data on rural economic and social conditions. Beginning with the Fall 1995 issue, issues exhibit repeating themes such as "Financial…

The papers in this volume are concerned with rural development, with emphasis on the problems of low-income groups. Stephen McDonald explores economic factors in farm outmigration. Virgil Christian, Jr. and Adamantios Pepelasis discuss the extent and importance of economies of size in agriculture. Thomas Till analyzes the nature and extent of…