The National Science Foundation's Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Alliance STEM Opportunities in Prison Settings (STEM-OPS) has been working to impact the system of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) by radically shifting learning opportunities in prisons and access to STEM (broadly defined) for those who are directly impacted by the carceral system. This report describes the work of the STEM Opportunities in Prison Settings team to advance knowledge of how to create pathways to STEM careers for people who are directly impacted by the carceral system. The authors share their community-based research approach--which emphasizes leadership by formerly incarcerated people--and present datasets and findings.