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Direct linkJ. S. Allison; L. Santana; I. J. H. Visagie – Teaching Statistics: An International Journal for Teachers, 2025
Given sample data, how do you calculate the value of a parameter? While this question is impossible to answer, it is frequently encountered in statistics classes when students are introduced to the distinction between a sample and a population (or between a statistic and a parameter). It is not uncommon for teachers of statistics to also confuse…
Descriptors: Statistics Education, Teaching Methods, Computation, Sampling
Juan F. Muñoz; Pablo J. Moya-Fernández; Encarnación Álvarez-Verdejo – Sociological Methods & Research, 2025
The Gini index is probably the most commonly used indicator to measure inequality. For continuous distributions, the Gini index can be computed using several equivalent formulations. However, this is not the case with discrete distributions, where controversy remains regarding the expression to be used to estimate the Gini index. We attempt to…
Descriptors: Bias, Educational Indicators, Equal Education, Monte Carlo Methods
Umut Atasever; Francis L. Huang; Leslie Rutkowski – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2025
When analyzing large-scale assessments (LSAs) that use complex sampling designs, it is important to account for probability sampling using weights. However, the use of these weights in multilevel models has been widely debated, particularly regarding their application at different levels of the model. Yet, no consensus has been reached on the best…
Descriptors: Mathematics Tests, International Assessment, Elementary Secondary Education, Foreign Countries
