The major early influences and actual training methods by which classroom management routines and behavioral control strategies are established in the first grade of Japanese elementary schools are examined in the first of three sections of this study. Drawing on relevant literature and preliminary results of an 18-month ethnographic study of…

Stores (n=120) in Chicago (Illinois) were targeted for enforcement of prohibitions on selling cigarettes to minors. Enforcement schedules of 2, 4, and 6 months were effective in reducing illegal sales, from 86% to 19%, 87% to 34%, and 87% to 42%, respectively, indicating the effectiveness of regular enforcement of civil penalties for tobacco sales…

Reports on a study about the general rule structures in 24 British primary schools and the systems of sanctions and rewards used to maintain them. Finds that all primary school teachers were considered responsible for rules being kept and that primary schools use fewer sanctions when rules are broken. (CFR)

Investigates the influence of social relations on the behavior of disabled boys. Reports observations and interviews of three dyads relative to the exertion of dominance and the aim for equality. Concludes that in relationships not based on friendship, ruthless assertion and resolute defenses are reinforced while friendships generate a concern for…

A revised system was developed for documenting the rights restrictions of persons with mental retardation at a state residential facility. The system included a new form, response effort reduction, inservice training for staff, and staff feedback. Results showed an immediate and sustained reduction in documentation errors of 96 direct-care and…