Equates the fight for busing, equal education, and school integration with the general struggle against racism. Briefly discusses the history of busing and school desegregation in the Ocean Hill-Brownsville, New York public schools. (Author/GC)

Court-ordered citizen monitoring of school desegregation does little to increase participation in school politics by minorities, women, the powerless, or the uninvolved. The greatest effects of increasing community involvement are likely to be a little more effective desegregation and much more power and participation for those who already have…

Outlined is an approach to educational history of the 1960s which incorporates the linkage between social, political, and contemporary educational history. The key theme cited is the interaction between the Black equal education struggle, the state structure, and the enactment of state-sponsored reforms that shaped popular protest patterns. (IAH)

This paper explores the relationship between low income parents and urban schools. Parent participation in urban schools today is said to have been institutionalized in forms set in motion by the Civil Rights movement. Three types of response to the failure of schools to respond to the 1954 Supreme Court decision calling for desegregation are…

As a result of his study, "Public and Private Schools," James Coleman concludes that Catholic schools appear to be characterized by both higher quality, on the average, and greater equality than the public schools. Coleman discusses the reasons that may explain this finding. (Author/WD)