Title IX is designed to protect students from discrimination based on sex in any educational institution that receives financial assistance. This article focuses on Title IX as it applies to high school athletic programs by considering the trial of a high school district in California. A federal court found considerable inequalities between boys…

Bullying is a common occurrence in U.S.'s schools and is currently at the forefront of national attention. Unfortunately, students with disabilities are frequently the targets of peer-on-peer bullying. The purpose of this article is to examine the legal ramifications when students with disabilities are bullied in school settings. We address court…

Leaders must know how to use evidence to inform district decisions, particularly as decisions related to learning become standard practice, and provide professional development that builds the organizational capacity needed to support continuous and sustainable district improvement. Collaboration and implementation of a shared vision and mission…

The Title IX legislation of 1972 was established to promote gender equity among public entities (primarily schools) that utilize federal funding to support and sustain their operation. However, the United States (U.S.) Government developed new regulations for Title IX due to No Child Left Behind (NCLB). This change allowed public school districts…

No school board member, administrator, or teacher wants to see a student suffering from taunts of the student's peers, but with budget cutbacks, reductions in force, and increased class size, teachers and administrators are stretched too thin to easily identify, investigate, and remedy student-on-student harassment. But school districts must…

School districts are often given the challenging task of addressing problematic online behaviors committed by students while simultaneously protecting themselves from civil liability by not overstepping their authority. This is difficult, because the law concerning these behaviors is ambiguous and continuously evolving, and little consensus has…

Changes to Title IX allowing the growth of single-sex schools have garnered media attention promoting the benefits of separating boys and girls. Alternately, civil rights groups such as the ACLU continue to oppose any type of school segregation. Within this context, a private philanthropy, the Foundation for the Education of Young Women (FEYW) has…

The On Site Needs Assessment and Long-range Planning (OSP) Model designed by the Michigan department of Education's Office of Sex Equity is a consultation service provided at the request of Michigan's local or intermediate school districts. The first of the OSP Model's three phases covers assessment of a district's level of sex equity and degree…

Summarizes findings from a survey of about 400 school districts across the country to determine how Title IX is affecting their high school programs. (Author/MLF)

Included in this guide to educational finance-related events in Washington, D. C. are discussions of the Education Amendments of 1972, new emphases and directions for Title I funds and projects, ways to get more Federal surplus funds for schools, some examples of how to train leaders and develop new ideas for drug education, new strategies for…

Explores the recent Supreme Court Decision ("Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District") on the liability standard Title IX imposes on school districts for the sexual abuse of a student by a teacher. Because the standard of actual knowledge and deliberate indifference by a school official is too high, the student is denied access…

Chapter 11 of a book on school law highlights the legal context of extracurricular activities in relationship to sex discrimination. First, the legal issues raised by Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 are examined. In general, this statute, with limited exceptions, requires that extracurricular activities be open to students without…

Analyzes the state of the law regarding peer sexual harassment. In "Davis" the Supreme Court ruled that a school district can be held liable for a student's sexual harassment of another student. Prior to this, lower courts were not uniform in their treatment of this charge. (Contains 47 references.) (MLF)

In a stunning 5-4 decision, the U.S. Supreme Court has held that teachers and coaches who suffer reprisals for raising complaints regarding illegal sex discrimination against their students can sue their school districts for damages. This ruling is unprecedented with respect to Title IX enforcement and will likely alter how school officials handle…