Recent studies have suggested that educational leaders enacting a balance of technical and adaptive leadership have an effect on increasing student achievement. Technical leadership focuses on problem-solving or first-order changes within existing structures and paradigms. Adaptive leadership involves deep or second-order changes that alter…

This series of six related studies reports the work of a multi-university team in developing and evaluating extensive taxonomies of organizational behavior in education. The report is divided into seven chapters, four of which describe the development of classification schemata, utilizing the concepts of four theories of organization and…