School business officials are best equipped to lead in funding operating and capital needs because they understand the need for a methodical means of funding ongoing costs over time and the benefits of planning for future financial needs rather than letting emergencies dictate spending priorities. A capital-financing plan makes it possible to…

Wyoming has become the first State in the nation to transform the concept of program budgeting into reality in every local school district. Such budgeting procedures, which link education costs directly to instructional programs rather than to general categories of expenditures, were introduced this year in all 60 of Wyoming's local school…

This report, the first of four phases of an ESEA Title III study of five Pennsylvania counties, is devoted primarily to research, an examination of the educational systems at local and county levels, an analysis of system requirements, and the completion of a PPB system design to be used by intermediate units in Pennsylvania. Statistical data and…

This report provides a detailed description of an education program cost model designed to accept descriptions of the size and composition of resources used in a particular program and translate them into an estimate of program cost, for convenient comparison of alternatives. The model also translates ("crosswalks") the program budget…

This document details a semiautomated PPB system developed in an ESEA Title III project, Intermediate Unit Planning Study, for use in Pennsylvania (see EA 002 750). Two semiautomated versions were developed, both dependent for calculation on the use of electronic data processing equipment. This is a documentation manual for the first of these…

These materials from Beaverton Schools, District Number 48 (Oregon) provide an annual program review process within the context of the regular planning and budgeting processes. Information obtained from the review process (an analytic and decision-making process) is intended to serve as a basis for determining what program levels should be…

The purpose of this study was to estimate the costs in both money and teachers' and administrators' time required to implement the School Planning Evaluation and Communication System (SPECS). The primary source of data was the SPECS field test site activities records maintained by the SPECS development team. Costs were calculated for each…

This document details a PPB system developed in an ESEA Title III project, Intermediate Unit Planning Study, for use in Pennsylvania (see EA 002 750). This manual version can be manually calculated with a desk calculator. Reported in this document, for use by school districts, are background information, major elements of this PPB system, and the…

Several types of funding for alternative schools such as list books on Federal grants, foundations, and other sources of money are described in this paper, along with explanations about some of the ways in which an alternative school budget differs from that of a traditional school. Probably the best option from the point of view of stability is…

Proposals to expand opportunities for children to attend independent schools prompt heated and complex debates. Proponents and opponents bring a number of philosophical and ideological arguments to public policy discussions, while lawmakers often justify their decisions on the basis of the perceived economic and fiscal impacts of the proposals.…

The School Planning, Evaluation, and Communication System (SPECS) is an overall design for districtwide program assessment and development. It is both a way of interrelating planning and evaluation of individual programs and a way of comparing the outcomes of all district programs with the district's community-defined educational goals. Component…

Part of a system by which local education agency (LEA) personnel may evaluate secondary and postsecondary vocational education programs, this last of eight components focuses on assessing local budget policy for support of vocational instructional programs. The component provides a simplified procedure whereby the LEA can determine the amount of…

This report contains the preliminary findings and recommendations of a study of the New York City Board of Education adult education programs, which was initiated in order to find ways of continuing to provide educational programs for adults in the face of budget cuts. Key objectives in a restructuring of adult education programs are identified…