The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc throughout school systems across the world during the 2020-2021 school year. Riyadh School District in Saudi Arabia effectively transitioned from in-person student learning to remote student learning as a result of effective planning of resources and effective processes for implementation of remote learning.…

As schools across the country closed in March 2020 at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was not clear how long in-person education would be disrupted. The abrupt transition to remote learning was particularly challenging for districts in rural communities, many of which have long lacked reliable access to high-speed internet and…

In this paper, we compare the bilingual/language education policies of Arizona and Washington to show that state-level language policy plays a critical role in shaping the appropriation of federal language policy [No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), Title III] and how different state-level language policies impact the district level of policy…

Background: There has been much educational verbosity over the past decade related to building capacity for effective schools. However, there seems to be a scarcity of clarification about what is meant by school capacity building or how to accomplish and sustain this process. This article describes the preexisting conditions and ongoing processes…

Although the public is best served by governmental agencies which have integrated the major functions of planning, managing, and budgeting, it can be asserted that the planning function is paramount. A review of the evolution of public agency administration in the U.S. reveals that until recent years the planning function has been largely…

The League of Schools is a staff development consortium currently consisting of 11 Southeastern Idaho School districts and the College of Education at Idaho State University (ISU). The primary purposes of the League are to provide a structure and process for systematically identifying with specificity school district personnel training needs and…

Program budgeting is more than a neat method of budgeting by program; hence it requires more than just concentration on budgeting and accounting procedures. Program budgeting, basically a resource allocations system, stresses the setting of objectives, grouping activities into programs to meet the objectives, identifying the resources required by…

IDEA Part B funds have more than doubled between the 1999 and 2003 fiscal years, from $4.3 billion to $8.9 billion. This is an increase from 8% to 13% of total special education spending. Increases in federal funds can theoretically support "program growth" by providing fiscal relief to states and districts facing rising special…

This primer introduces the basics of Program Management and Budgeting (PMB) in an effort to demonstrate how PMB can benefit school systems. Short quotes from previous publications on the topic are paired with cartoons designed to clarify the purposes and workings of the program. The publication begins by defining PMB as an alternative financial…

This directory lists the Elementary and Secondary Education (ESEA) Act, Title IV projects undertaken by school library media centers to improve their collections and services in school districts throughout the state of Maryland. The entries in the directory are arranged alphabetically by local education agency name (i.e., school district), and…

This study examines the impact of thirteen National Institute of Education (NIE) demonstration districts' changed allocation policies on a number of outcome measures. The major dependent variables under study are the following: (1) the characteristics of the schools and the students who receive Title I Money (race, economic status, educational…

This paper is concerned with the conceptual problems of developing an administrative planning system for local school districts. Specific planning procedures will be published later as part of a completed PPBS model. Definitions of certain concepts lead to a "Typology of Planning Behavior," which distinguishes three levels of planning…

Planning-programing-budgeting systems (PPBS) have borne few of the fruits that many claimed they would. This is partly due to the five following widely held misconceptions about PPBS: 1) that PPBS is primarily concerned with budgeting; 2) that PPBS should displace instructional goals; 3) that it is not necessary to attend to all elements of PPBS;…

This document presents the special education plan for the Winnipeg (Manitoba) school district. The first section offers an overview, reviewing objectives of the 1990-91 school year and outlining major projects for 1991-92. Section II covers the planning process with emphasis on Project LINCS (Linking Individual Needs with Coordinated Systems),…