This dissertation traces the way hair is framed in judicial texts about dress code policy in the U.S. between 1969 and 2023. Using 46 court cases from district, appellate, state supreme, and federal supreme courts, the study first considers how dress code is brought to courts over these 54 years, and the kinds of legal claims made in these cases.…

Survival for public school teachers goes beyond curriculum design, discipline and other skills. School law is critical for teachers to face the areas of challenge that are currently present. There are two types of common legal mistakes made by teachers: a) failing to take disciplinary action when they should, and b) unintentionally violating…

Purpose: A significant and growing body of LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) research examines the experiences of students, employees, and the substance of leadership training. This project aims to complement this work by taking a macro-level look at the broader legal and policy issues that may constrain or enhance a school…

The National Association of School Nurses (NASN) believes that the school nurse is in a prime position to support the health and wellbeing of pregnant and parenting students and contribute to their lifelong success by linking them to resources and advocating for policies and practices that promote high school graduation. It is the position of NASN…

Discusses a recent Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals decision that when individuals are allowed to try out for or join a team participating in a contact sport and operated for members of the other sex, then discrimination against because of their sex is prohibited by Title IX. (22 footnotes) (MLF)

Although the U.S. Supreme Court allows students to sue districts (under Title IX) over teacher-student harassment, federal courts have split over peer harassment. In "Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education" (1999), the Supreme Court ruled that students can sue districts for inadequate responses to reported peer sexual harassment. (MLH)

Categories of this annotated list are: General Materials, Books; General Materials, Articles; Organizations; Sex Discrimination and Title IX; The NCAA and the Regulation of Collegiate Sports; Broadcasting; Transnational Sports; Sports Violence; Sports, Law, and Medicine; and Miscellaneous. (AF)

This article discusses the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare's regulations governing implementation of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 and offers information and guidelines to aid school personnel in complying with the Title IX regulations. The author briefly describes the purpose of Title IX and presents examples of…

Provides brief review of single-gender programs in public elementary and secondary schools; discusses Equal Protection Clause of 14th Amendment and Title IX; analyzes the legality of single-gender programs; highlights several policy issues regarding the constitutionality of such programs. (Contains 2 tables and 42 references.)(PKP)

This publication presents and explains Part 86 of the regulations of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Part 86 was added to the regulations in order to effectuate title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Title IX is similar to title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, except that title IX applies only to sex discrimination, is…

Examines the purposes of Title IX as it applies to sex-stereotyped textbooks, considers the need for regulation in this area, and discusses the applicable First Amendment doctrines. Concludes that sex discrimination in instructional materials may be regulated without violating the First Amendment guarantee of freedom of speech. (Author/JG)

Based on the landmark "Gebser" Supreme Court decision, school officials may be held accountable when they are aware of alleged sexual misconduct involving a teacher and a student but fail to initiate corrective measures. Although districts have some latitude, they must follow guidelines and construct clear, enforceable policies. (MLH)

This article, the fifteenth chapter of a book on school law, presents a sketch of education cases for which a hearing has been granted by the Supreme Court or for which petitions are pending. Hearings have been granted to education cases in five areas: church-state relationships, Title IX, book censorship, busing, and P.L. 94-142. Regarding…