The Government Accountability Office (GAO) was asked to examine the prevalence and growth of segregation in K-12 public schools. This report examined the extent of (1) racial, ethnic, and economic divisions in K-12 public schools; and (2) district secession and any resulting student demographic shifts. To determine the extent of divisions along…

Argues that the Second Circuit Court's decision in "Arthur" is improper because its emphasis on foreseeable consequences sidesteps inquiry into the decision-makers' motivations as outlined in "Arlington Heights" and because its burden of rebuttal seems insurmountable. Available from the Business Manager, St John's Law Review,…

Supreme Court requirements that "specific intent" to discriminate must be shown should not apply to school segregation cases. The injury in school segregation cases is based on racial isolation itself and hurts only Blacks, unlike job discrimination cases like Washington v. Davis where Blacks are disproportionately, but not solely,…

Discusses the recent Supreme Court holding that the Dayton, Ohio Board of Education has an affirmative duty to integrate its schools. (IRT)

Examines the concept of equal educational opportunity found in the district court's decisions in "Keyes," the court of appeals' response, and the legal framework in which those decisions were made. Asserts that a constitutional doctrine of equal educational opportunity can be formulated to address educational disparities. (Author/IRT)

Outlines historical eras in the relationship between Blacks and Whites in the United States. (IRT)

Reexamines the "Brown" decision, including its background, the issues before the Court, the holding, and the implementation decision. (IRT)

This document is a transcript of a Congressional hearing on race relations and adolescents. The impetus for much of the testimony is the worsening climate of race relations in the United States, represented by recent violent incidents involving youths. The witnesses were a varied group of social scientists, politicians, and educators who have…

The Court has not provided a clear course for those bent on eliminating segregation in our schools. The courts must put the distinction between de jure and de facto segregation behind them and focus on the elimination of segregated school systems. Such a resolution is within the spirit of "Brown." (Author/IRT)

Argues that the effect of a proposed tuition tax credit is school segregation, creating serious constitutional objections under the due process clause. A voucher system would avoid these constitutional objections. Available from the Yale Law Journal, 401A Yale Station, New Haven, CT 06520. (Author/IRT)

The Supreme Court of Canada ruled that special education does not constitute segregation in the same sense as racial segregation. Race is not relevant in determining educational service delivery, whereas disability may imply different kinds of teaching. In some cases, separation of students with disabilities can be protective of their rights to an…

In this testimony before the House Subcommittee on Housing and Community Development, the Director of Policy Analysis for the National Council of La Raza discusses the segregation and housing discrimination faced by Hispanic Americans. He contends that housing conditions for much of the Hispanic community are inadequate, due largely to low income…

Compares the records of the Warren Court and the Burger Court on education-related cases concerning religion and the schools, teachers' loyalty, due process and racial segregation, freedom of expression, civil rights, and equal protection under the law. Reports the voting record of individual justices. (Author/MLF)

This publication presents the full text of the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Runyon et ux., dba Bobbe's School v. McCrary et al., as written by Justice Stewart. Also included are separate concurring opinions written by Justice Powell and Justice Stevens and a dissenting opinion written by Justice White, as well as a syllabus that summarizes the…

Summarizes and analyzes constitutional doctrine dealing with school desegregation and reviews whether the courts have kept school desegregation law clear and understandable. (Author/JM)