Learn the astronomy behind the changing of the seasons. Students know that we mark the change of seasons with the position of the Sun over certain parts of the Earth. The specific time and date for the change of seasons is determined by the position of the Sun, not above the horizon necessarily, nor geographically, but rather where the Sun is…

As students continue their monthly plotting of the planets along the ecliptic they should start to notice differences between inner and outer planet orbital motions, and their relative position or separation from the Sun. Both inner and outer planets have direct eastward motion, as well as retrograde motion. Inner planets Mercury and Venus,…

As the winter Sun rises, four of the five visible planets, Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Jupiter, will be found over the eastern and southern horizons. The two inner planets, Mercury and Venus, will both rise about an hour ahead of the Sun and will be visible just above the southeastern horizon at sunrise for about the first half of January. Look …

Throughout each month, the Moon appears in conjunction with planets and stars along the ecliptic. A conjunction occurs when, in this case, the Moon lies in the same direction as a star or planet. From our perspective, the object looks close. February is no exception, and there will be several opportunities on both sides of the Sun to locate…

This article briefly describes an activity for students to illustrate the relationship between orbital period and orbital motion. To do this, students should calculate the degrees per day that planets travel and then graph them as a function of orbital time. A brief list of resources is also included.

Describes the constellations that can be seen during the month of October. Presents a story about the moon phases that comes from the Australian Aborigines. (JRH)

All the planets in the solar system revolve around the Sun in the same direction, clockwise when viewed from above the North Pole. This is referred to as direct motion. From the perspective on the Earth's surface, the planets travel east across the sky in relation to the background of stars. The Sun also moves eastward daily, but this is an…

Describes occultation events involving the moon, when the moon blocks the view of planets or stars. Describes other events such as a partial solar eclipse, a penumbral lunar eclipse, meteor showers, and moon phases. Provides a list of internet resources related to these events. (DLH)

Describes how to differentiate a planet from a star and presents an activity in which students investigate whether Pluto is a planet. (YDS)

Discusses the occurrence of eclipses and eclipse observation. (JRH)

Presents a science activity designed to introduce students to the geocentric and heliocentric models of the universe. Helps students discover why phase changes on Venus knocked Earth out of the center of the universe. (DKM)

Describes a celestial grid system that gives the coordinates for any object that delineates the sun's ecliptic path--the sun's apparent path through the year. Includes Internet resources. (KHR)

This is another great month for evening observing as four planets continue to remain easily visible. Venus, Mars, and Saturn can be viewed over the western horizon, and Jupiter is shining high over the southeastern horizon. Opportunities will also exist for using binoculars or low-power telescopes to observe conjunctions between the planets, the…

Explains how solar eclipses occur and provides information on future eclipse events. Also includes a solar eclipse viewing activity. (DDR)

Discusses and explains early people's fears and explanations of eclipses. Describes the lunar eclipse scheduled for November 28-29. (PR)