This study aims to investigate the impact of laboratory activities prepared based on STEM-based learning on the competence perceptions in 21st-century skills (learning and innovation skills, life and career, information, media, and technology skills) and STEM awareness. The sample group consisted of 53 pre-service science teachers studying in year…

Laboratory activity is closely related and yet is essential in the process of science teaching-learning. The hands-on laboratory experiment is the one normally used in school. Particularly with the state of online schooling, it is quite challenging to perform a hands-on laboratory activity. The combination of inquiry-based learning with virtual…

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inquiry-based laboratory activities on the students' understanding of the nature of science (NOS) in learning lights and optics topic. The method used in this research is quasi experiment. Sampling technique using random sampling to class and the samples were taken from grade 8 in one of junior…