This report critically examines studies of how scientific research drives innovation which is then translated into socio-economic benefits. It focuses on research evaluation insights that are relevant not only to the academic community, but also to policymakers and evaluation practitioners--and particularly to biomedical and health research…

This report, the third and final part of a three-part study of Soviet space programs, provides a comprehensive survey of the Soviet space science programs and the Soviet military space programs, including its long history of anti-satellite activity. Chapter 1 is an overview of the unmanned space programs (1957-83). Chapter 2 reports on significant…

Explored are the following dimensions of scientific literacy: the ethos of modern science and the cumulative achievements of science and technology in the history of the United States and in the nature of contemporary society. Also discussed is the reform movement in science education. (KR)

Presents a historical overview of developments in ionospheric physics and examines relationships between federal funding and knowledge growth in this field. Summarizes the views of ionsphere researchers on funding, the role of funding program managers, and the nature of funding agencies. Reviews advancements related to entrepreneurs and resources…

Discussed is the narrowness of engineering education in the recent past. A more liberal education for engineers is proposed. The benefits of such an approach, personally, professionally, and to society are described. (CW)

Traces Western conservationism from it roots in colonial exploitation during the mideighteenth century when scientists employed by trading companies voiced concern over large-scale ecological changes. Indicates that our contemporary understanding of the threat to the global environment is a reassertion of ideas that reached maturity over a century…

To improve bibliographic access to the individual works contained in "Landmarks of Science" and "Landmarks II," two comprehensive microform collections of materials related to the history of science, the staff of the University of Utah Libraries cataloged the individual titles. Staff members with backgrounds in Renaissance…

Explores several of the issues raised by current and likely future scientific advances which may challenge the United States Constitution. Reports on the results of the "Science, Technology, and the Constitution in an Information Age" project. Focuses on the chemically related technological advancements that may challenge this nation's…

Reports on 18 months of action research that examined the effectiveness of using the history of science to promote British students' understanding of the nature of science. Both quantitative and interview data offer substantial evidence of a strategic movement away from serendipitous empiricism and toward an appreciation of the interactive nature…

Addresses the status of engineering education for women. Discusses the changes related to both the image of women and the engineering profession over the past 15 years. Assesses how computer-aided engineering has made engineering attractive to women today. (TW)

Presented is a bibliography of periodical literature on the following topics: the impact of science and technology, art and architecture, biography, computers, international science and technology, and development and modernization. Also presented is an annotated bibliography of children's books, books on economics, the environment, and the…

A review of some of the different forms that biological ethics have taken in the past and of issues which are arising suggests that ethics should be taught as a part of biological education within a framework of history, futures study, training in clear thinking, and the development of empathy. (Author/CW)

Discusses three points of view on the place of science and technology in African society. Examines the relationship that exists between cultural values and science and technology development. Provides implications at three levels of technology. (Author/YP)

Compares the science and technology strategies and priorities of France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Analyzes the similarities and differences, historical settings, research and development allocations, coordinating mechanisms, outputs, dissatisfactions, and recent changes. (TW)

Discusses the role of the science advisor to the President of the United States. Claims that, to have an effect, the advisor must address the President's issues rather than those of the science community. Argues that the view that the advisor is an ombudsman for scientists is a misconception. (TW)