Presents the history surrounding the evolution of the second law of thermodynamics. Discusses Sadi Carnot's contributions, but also refers to those by Clapeyron, Thomson, Joule, Clausius, and Boltzman among others. (RR)

Discusses the various views on Galileo's demonstration of free fall. Cites several historians' accounts of early free fall experiments and Galileo's contributions to knowledge in this area. (TS)

The history of science is replete with instances of disappointed, disgruntled, and frustrated scientists who have felt and complained that their ideas have been stolen or ignored until someone else came up with the same. Conversations have been recorded, correspondence uncovered, and public debates conducted on questions of priority. (Author/TS)

Briefly mentions pre-19th century ideas and discusses the contributions of Mohr, Seguin, Mayer, Grove, Colding, Joule and Helmholtz and the controversies regarding priority including Tyndall's involvement in one of them. Mentions the tension between philosophical and practical modes of thought in 19th century science. Includes portraits. (GH)

His contributions to heat and thermodynamics are discussed. He is given little recognition for his works, yet he did make significant contributions to physics. (DF)

Inquires into the individual names and dates which are associated with the various perfect gas laws on the basis of published and historically researched works. Indicates the presence of eight features in giving a scientist credit for a scientific discovery. (CC)

Discusses the life and work of Copernicus and his impact on the development of the scientific enterprise. Concludes that his treatise provides some indications of the nature of science and of the scientific mind in the centuries to follow. (CC)

Presents a quiz on Copernicus' life, work, and impact on human thought for the purpose of sharpening some of the prevalent ideas about Copernicus. Includes the answers with detailed discussions. (CC)