In this paper, we investigate how cultural, historical, and emotional factors influence scientific concepts in Brazil's Scientific Vocation Program (Provoc) and Japan's Sakura Science Program. It analyzes how Western and Eastern views of science might shape program goals through high school students' reports. Science education, history and…

Discusses the formative elements of modern science in Japan, examining the feudalistic influence and impact of national events on policy formation and program direction. Also analyzes the cultural and social factors that have changed Japan's approach to science and technology. (ML)

Examines the impact of the state on the institutionalization of modern science and technology in non-Western societies. Conditions for the degree of development of science are explained. The institutionalization of modern science and technology in Japan and India are also compared and contrasted. (ML)

In 1935 physicist Hideki Yukawa proposed the meson theory of nuclear forces. Background, influences, and chronology of Yukawa's work are presented and discussed. Yukawa was supported in his meson idea by Japan's strong emphasis on intuitive and creative approaches which are also evident in subsequent developments in that country. (DH)

Examines scientific discoveries which underlie the atomic bomb and its technological development in the United States during World War II. Changing views, super-weapon development, early American efforts, production/dropping the bombs, and the Oppenheimer case are considered. (DH)