When the journal "Minerva" was founded in 1962, science and higher educational issues were high on the agenda, lending impetus to the interdisciplinary field of "Science Studies" "qua" "Science Policy Studies." As government expenditures for promoting various branches of science increased dramatically on…

This paper comments on Reisch's book "How the Cold War Transformed Philosophy of Science." Overall supportive of Reisch's project and perspective, it raises certain points where the data appear inconclusive and either provides additional support or briefly explores some interpretative alternatives.

This paper considers several models of politically engaged philosophy with the aim of provoking discussion of George Reisch's "How the Cold War Transformed Philosophy of Science." At issue is the Unity of Science movement's conception of the philosophy of science in particular and what politically engaged philosophy of science might look…

This paper considers George A. Reisch's account of the role of Cold War political forces in shaping the apolitical stance that came to dominate philosophy of science in the late 1940s and 1950s. It argues that at least as early as the 1930s, Logical Empiricists such as Rudolf Carnap already held that philosophy of science could not properly have…

Deals with archives as an important source of knowledge about the history of science and technology and the use of archives documents in advanced areas of contemporary science and technology, with particular reference to the activities of the U.S.S.R. State Archives. (Author)

This report, the third and final part of a three-part study of Soviet space programs, provides a comprehensive survey of the Soviet space science programs and the Soviet military space programs, including its long history of anti-satellite activity. Chapter 1 is an overview of the unmanned space programs (1957-83). Chapter 2 reports on significant…

Cites the Lysenko affair as a good illustration of the relationship between theory, ethics, and politics. Provides the historical background of the scientist Lysenko and information on the political system of his time. (DDR)

At the dawn of its very existence, the Academy of Sciences became a major center of mathematical research. (Author)

Factors of creation of the Academy and the history of its development. (ND)

From the first years of its existence, the Petersburg Academy of Sciences was tied by thousands of visible and invisible threads to the growth of spiritual culture and to the increase in the intellectual potential of the people. (Author)

Description of the organization of the Academy and its contributions commemorates its 250th anniversary in 1974. (ND)

Relationship of the Academy to growth of science in USSR and the activity of developing a socialist society. (ND)

Relationship of USSR's Academy of Science to landmarks of history, Socialist construction, and the present. (ND)

Relationship between the establishment and development of USSR's Academy of Sciences to the historic changes occurring for the past 250 years. (ND)