Briefly reviews the history of intelligence testing, and concludes that the proper use of intelligence tests is to assess the potentialities of the individual as he is--the combined product of his heredity, environment and past experiences--in order to help him find his most satisfying place in society." (Author/AL)

Presents some highlights on Einstein's life and his main contributions to physics. (HM)

Describes the development of the theory of relativity of Einstein and its influence on physics and mathematics. The philosophical meaning of relativity is also discussed. (HM)

This article is adapted from a presentation made in 1978 at the symposium on the Impact of Modern Scientific Ideas on Society organized by UNESCO in Ulm, West Germany. It discusses Einstein's theory of gravitation and how it started a new line of activity for physicists. (HM)

The emergence and impact of the sociology of scientific knowledge and its main research sites, tools, and debates are described. Weak and strong agendas for the sociology of science are identified, based upon how far sociologists wish to treat knowledge itself as a social product. (KR)

New interpretations of the "chemical revolution" associated with the name of Lavoisier are considered, as is the growth of chemistry as a profession in France, Germany, and Britain. Both biographical and institutional approaches are used to help relate the history of chemistry to other areas. (KR)

This is a part of a presentation made in 1978 at the symposium on the Influence of Modern Scientific Ideas on Society organized by UNESCO in West Germany. An analysis of Einstein's intellectual courage and behavior is discussed. (HM)

The link between science and society is examined by studying the application of evolution theories and genetics to human affairs. Described are the ways in which biological theories have been applied to social issues. (KR)

Reviews Einstein's main contributions to physics, and analyzes the importance of a coherent body of theory. Einstein's involvement in nonscientific issues such as nuclear disarmament is also included. (HM)

Briefly described are the history, the educational and technological development, and the educational and technological needs of the nation of Niger. (SL)

Discusses Einstein's contributions to physics and describes how the progress of theoretical physics has been guided by the concepts and methodology of relativity theory. (HM)

Ways of describing the past of science and studying the evolution of scientific ideas are presented. Sociology and scientific ideas, the use of the history of science, historians of science, and why the history of science is needed are discussed. (KR)

Examines present-day and future prospects of the applications of modern magnetohydrodynamics in a number of countries. Explains how the electromagnetic pump, which was invented by Einstein and Leo Szilard, led to the development of applied magnetohydrodynamics. (HM)

Discusses the hypothesis studied by astrophysicists on the symmetry between matter and anti-matter in the composition of the universe. (HM)

Described is how scholars of medieval Islam used simple and adequate methods for regulating the calendar and prayer-times and for finding the sacred direction. Other applications of science to daily life are provided. (KR)