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Wang, Fei – Physics Teacher, 2022
The ideal gas law, "PV = nRT," is one of the simplest physical laws in nature that is introduced to students as early as in high school and first year in college. In this equation, "P" stands for pressure, "V" is the volume, "n" is the amount expressed in mole, "T" is the temperature in Kelvin…
Descriptors: Physics, Scientific Principles, Fuels, Graphs
Jackson, Benjamin A.; Harshman, Jordan; Miliordos, Evangelos – Journal of Chemical Education, 2020
The concept of an atom with an expanded octet, known as hypervalency, has persisted in the general chemistry curriculum, despite abundant theoretical work disputing its veracity. Here, the electronic structure of traditionally hypervalent molecules (H[subscript 2]SO[subscript 3], H[subscript 2]SO[subscript 4], PF[subscript 5], and SF[subscript 6])…
Descriptors: Chemistry, Molecular Structure, Science Instruction, Scientific Concepts
Connor, Megan C.; Finkenstaedt-Quinn, Solaire A.; Shultz, Ginger V. – Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 2019
Promoting students' ability to engage in discipline-specific practices is a central goal of chemistry education. Yet if instruction is to meaningfully foster such ability, we must first understand students' reasoning during these practices. By characterizing constraints on chemistry students' reasoning, we can design instruction that targets this…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Organic Chemistry, College Science, Logical Thinking
Kryjevskaia, Mila; Stetzer, MacKenzie R.; Grosz, Nathaniel – Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 2014
We have applied the heuristic-analytic theory of reasoning to interpret inconsistencies in student reasoning approaches to physics problems. This study was motivated by an emerging body of evidence that suggests that student conceptual and reasoning competence demonstrated on one task often fails to be exhibited on another. Indeed, even after…
Descriptors: Physics, Logical Thinking, Intuition, Heuristics
Maeyer, Jenine; Talanquer, Vicente – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2013
Diverse implicit cognitive elements seem to support but also constrain reasoning in different domains. Many of these cognitive constraints can be thought of as either implicit assumptions about the nature of things or reasoning heuristics for decision-making. In this study we applied this framework to investigate college students' understanding of…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Scientific Concepts, College Science, College Students
Cooper, Melanie M.; Corley, Leah M.; Underwood, Sonia M. – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2013
The connection between the molecular-level structure of a substance and its macroscopic properties is a fundamental concept in chemistry. Students in college-level general and organic chemistry courses were interviewed to investigate how they used structure-property relationships to predict properties such as melting and boiling points. Although…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, College Science, Molecular Structure, Scientific Concepts
Devlin, J. F.; Brookfield, A.; Huang, B.; Schillig, P. C. – Journal of Geoscience Education, 2012
The Domenico solution is a heuristic simplification of a solution to the transport equation. Although there is a growing consensus that the Domenico solution is undesirable for use in professional and research applications due to departures from exact solutions under certain conditions, it behaves well under conditions suitable for instruction.…
Descriptors: Equations (Mathematics), Heuristics, Geology, Science Instruction
Larson, Kathleen G.; Long, George R.; Briggs, Michael W. – Journal of Chemical Education, 2012
The mental models of both novice and advanced chemistry students were observed while the students performed a periodic table activity. The mental model framework seems to be an effective way of analyzing student behavior during learning activities. The analysis suggests that students do not recognize periodic trends through the examination of…
Descriptors: Chemistry, Heuristics, Science Instruction, Inquiry
Effect of the Level of Inquiry of Lab Experiments on General Chemistry Students' Written Reflections
Xu, Haozhi; Talanquer, Vincente – Journal of Chemical Education, 2013
The central goal of this exploratory study was to characterize the effects of experiments involving different levels of inquiry on the nature of college students' written reflections about laboratory work. Data were collected in the form of individual lab reports written using a science writing heuristic template by a subset of the students…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, College Science, Reports, Science Laboratories
Madden, Sean P.; Jones, Loretta L.; Rahm, Jrene – Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 2011
This study examined the representational competence of students as they solved problems dealing with the temperature-pressure relationship for ideal gases. Seven students enrolled in a first-semester general chemistry course and two advanced undergraduate science majors participated in the study. The written work and transcripts from videotaped…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Advanced Students, Heuristics, Chemistry
Healy, Eamonn F. – Journal of Chemical Education, 2010
Although the presentation of quantum mechanics found in traditional textbooks is intellectually well founded, it suffers from a number of deficiencies. Specifically introducing quantum mechanics as a solution to the arcane dilemma, the ultraviolet catastrophe, does little to impress a nonscientific audience of the tremendous paradigmatic shift…
Descriptors: Textbooks, Heuristics, Quantum Mechanics, Science Instruction
Maeyer, Jenine; Talanquer, Vicente – Science Education, 2010
The characterization of students' cognitive biases is of central importance in the development of curriculum and teaching strategies that better support student learning in science. In particular, the identification of shortcut reasoning procedures (heuristics) used by students to reduce cognitive load can help us devise strategies to foster the…
Descriptors: Methods Research, Heuristics, Chemistry, Teaching Methods
Sayre, Eleanor C.; Wittman, Michael C. – Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research, 2008
We investigate the interplay between mathematics and physics resources in intermediate mechanics students. In the mechanics course, the selection and application of coordinate systems is a consistent thread. At the University of Maine, students often start the course with a strong preference to use Cartesian coordinates, in accordance with their…
Descriptors: Mechanics (Physics), Science Instruction, College Science, Interviews
Rudd, James A., II; Greenbowe, Thomas J.; Hand, Brian M. – Journal of Chemical Education, 2007
This study compared the performance of students using the Science Writing Heuristic (SWH) approach and students using a standard or traditional laboratory curriculum on lecture exams and a laboratory practical exam on a specific topic, chemical equilibrium. The SWH helps students do inquiry science laboratory work by structuring the laboratory…
Descriptors: Content Area Writing, Heuristics, Chemistry, Inquiry
McDermott, Mark A.; Hand, Brian – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2010
This study aims to add to the growing research related to the implementation of non-traditional writing tasks in classrooms to encourage science literacy. A secondary reanalysis methodology was employed to review student interviews collected as a part of several individual studies during a ten year research program. This method established an…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Scientific Literacy, Transcripts (Written Records), Coding
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